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目的:研究辛夷挥发油对自闭症模型昆明鼠学习记忆行为的影响,探讨其活性成分经嗅觉通路对自闭症模型昆明鼠学习记忆能力的干预作用及可能机制。方法:昆明鼠孕鼠12.5 d腹腔注射丙戊酸钠所产雄性子代为自闭症模型鼠,随机挑选24只,分为模型组和吸嗅组,每组12只,正常昆明鼠雄性子代随机挑选12只为空白组。吸嗅组6周龄时连续吸嗅2周辛夷挥发油,模型组和对照组吸嗅洁净空气。Morris水迷宫观察各组昆明鼠学习记忆能力,免疫组化检测昆明鼠海马、杏仁核和下丘脑5-色胺(5-HT)和多巴胺(DA)蛋白的表达。结果:与模型组相比,吸嗅组昆明鼠逃避潜伏期较短,穿平台次数增加,学习记忆能力明显增强(P<0.05)。免疫组化结果显示,模型组海马、杏仁核和下丘脑内5-HT和DA含量明显低于正常组和吸嗅组。结论:辛夷挥发油可增强自闭症模型昆明鼠的学习记忆能力,可能与其维持相关脑区5-HT和DA含量稳定有关。
Objective: To study the effect of volatile oil of Magnolia biondii on the learning and memory behavior of Kunming mice and explore the possible mechanism of its active ingredient’s learning and memory abilities in autistic model Kunming mice via olfactory access. Methods: The male offsprings of Kunming mice and rats injected intraperitoneally with sodium valproate 12.5 days were randomly divided into model group and smoking sniffing group (12 rats in each group). The male offspring of normal Kunming mice 12 randomly selected blank group. The 6-week-old sniffing group continued to sniff the volatile oil of Magnolia biondii for 2 weeks and the model group and the control group inhaled clean air. Morris water maze was used to observe the learning and memory abilities of Kunming mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of 5-HT and DA in the hippocampus, amygdala and hypothalamus. Results: Compared with model group, Kunming mice in sniffing and sniffing groups had shorter escape latency and more platform penetration, and their learning and memory abilities were significantly enhanced (P <0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the contents of 5-HT and DA in hippocampus, amygdala and hypothalamus in model group were significantly lower than those in normal group and aspiration group. Conclusion: Volatile oil of Magnolia biondii can enhance the learning and memory abilities of Kunming mice, which may be related to the maintenance of the content of 5-HT and DA.