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目的目前聚氨酯(PU)合成革的生产采用溶剂型的生产系统为主,随着环保法规和人们环保意识的加强,水性PU合成革技术成为该领域的研究热点。了解2种不同性质PU树脂对作业场所空气质量影响,掌握涉及二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)企业的职业危害程度,为提出有效的防护建议提供科学依据。方法对作业场所空气中DMF浓度进行监测比较。结果 10家企业总的合格率接近60.4%,其中水性PU树脂合格率为88.3%,溶剂型PU树脂合格率为32.5%。说明作业场所空气中DMF超标严重,以湿法涂台尤甚。结论水性PU树脂的技术要求与工艺流程比较高,价格也比溶剂型PU树脂贵30%,建议加强工艺改革,降低成本,最大限度地使用水性PU树脂替代溶剂型PU树脂。
Objective Currently, the production of polyurethane (PU) synthetic leather is based on a solvent-based production system. With the improvement of environmental regulations and people’s awareness of environmental protection, waterborne PU synthetic leather technology has become a hot spot in this field. To understand the impact of two different types of PU resin on the air quality of workplaces, to master occupational hazards involved in dimethylformamide (DMF) enterprises, and to provide a scientific basis for putting forward effective protection recommendations. Methods The concentration of DMF in workplace air was monitored and compared. Results The total passing rate of 10 enterprises was nearly 60.4%. The pass rate of water-based PU resin was 88.3% and the pass rate of solvent-based PU resin was 32.5%. Description of the workplace excessive levels of DMF in the air serious, particularly wet coating station. Conclusion The technical requirements and process flow of water-based PU resin are relatively high, and the price is 30% more expensive than solvent-based PU resin. It is suggested to strengthen the process reform and reduce the cost, and to use water-based PU resin instead of solvent-based PU resin to the maximum extent.