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本研究的主要目的是提供有关黄铜矿和取自西班牙里奥廷托(Rio Tonto)矿山的一种未被人熟悉的耐热细菌之间相互作用的证据。用这种新的微生物对黄铜矿精矿进行生物浸出时可得到相当高的铜回收率(>80%)。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和非分散X射线显微分析法(EDS)对生物浸出后所得到块状样品研究中证实了这种微生物对矿石的浸蚀作用。在这种细菌存在下的黄铜矿浸出过程与不存在细菌时或存在Fe~(3-)时的过程相比,前者矿物表面上发生了非常大的变化。细菌的浸性从裂隙处和缺陷处开始,最后浸性到黄铜矿的整个表面,Fe~(2+)的存在增加细菌活性时并不会改善黄铜矿生物浸出的效果。这种情况下的研究结果与不存在细菌但存在三价铁离子时的结果相类似。因此,这种新的耐热微生物具有非常强的浸出能力,并表明用它浸出矿石时比常规的化学浸出过程更具有优越性。
The main purpose of this study is to provide evidence on the interaction between chalcopyrite and an unidentified thermotolerant bacteria taken from the mine in Rio Tonto, Spain. With this new microorganism bioleaching chalcopyrite concentrates results in very high copper recoveries (> 80%). The study of massive samples obtained after bioleaching with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nondispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDS) confirmed the microbial erosive effect on ores. The chalcopyrite leach process in the presence of this bacterium shows a very large change in the surface of the minerals compared to the absence of bacteria or in the presence of Fe ~ (3-). Bacterial dipping begins at the site of fissures and defects and eventually leaches to the entire surface of the chalcopyrite. The presence of Fe 2+ increases bacterial activity and does not improve the bioleaching effect of chalcopyrite. The results in this case are similar to those in the absence of bacteria but in the presence of ferric iron. Therefore, this new heat-resistant microorganism has a very strong leaching capacity and shows that it is superior to the conventional chemical leaching process when it is used to leach ore.