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本文介绍了我们设计的4πγ电离室(也称井型电离室)的结构及性能实验。该电离室的特点是高度为407毫米,轴向有一个50毫米的位置响应不变区,在这个区域内电离电流的相对标准偏差为0.19%,源的高度对测量结果的影响可不作修正。该装置对30微居至几十毫居~(60)Co 源的测量精度为±0.5%,对3微居的~(60)Co 源测量的相对标准误差为±5%。从1975年4月至1978年8月间17次测量结果的相对标准偏差为±0.32%。装置对几种核素作了校准,给出了标准毫居-电离电流值。本文还给出了计算电离室的毫居-电离电流的近似公式,可用于某些尚未校准的核素的测量。
This article describes the structure and performance of our 4πγ ionization chamber (also known as a well-type ionization chamber). The ionization chamber is characterized by a height of 407 mm and a 50 mm position-response invariant in the axial direction. The relative standard deviation of the ionization current in this area is 0.19%. The influence of the height of the source on the measurement results can not be corrected. The device has a measurement accuracy of ± 0.5% for 30 to 60-100 Co sources and a relative standard deviation of ± 5% for ~ 3 (60) Co sources. The relative standard deviation of 17 measurements from April 1975 to August 1978 was ± 0.32%. The device calibrated several nuclides and gave the standard milli-ionization ionization current. This article also gives an approximate formula for calculating the milli-ionization current of an ionization chamber, which can be used for the measurement of some uncalibrated nuclides.