二、如何正确看待新闻学主要的基本观点十年来,我国新闻界特别是新闻理论界对于新闻学的主要基本观点有过许多争论,而且有些问题至今尚未求得共识。这不仅影响了马克思主义新闻学的系统、完善,也影响了社会主义新闻实践的创新、发展,甚至造成舆论导向的错误。这里无不与上述三大关系密切相关。首先,关于新闻事业性质的问题。这个问题争论时间最长,也最激烈,最早有人提出新闻事业是“阶级斗争工具”,后又说是“阶级舆论工具”;与此相对立,另有人提出新闻事业是“社会舆论工具”或“社会舆论机器”;之后又提出“党的新闻事业是党的喉舌、政府的喉舌,同时也是人民的喉舌”,进而引起了新的更大的争论,至此,“阶级舆论工具论”、“社会舆论工具论”、“喉舌论”等三种观点一起摆在我们面前。 How to Correctly Understand the Main Basic Ideas of Journalism In the past ten years, there have been many disputes among the press, especially news theorists, about the main basic concepts of journalism. Some problems have not yet reached a consensus so far. This not only affected the systematization and perfection of Marxism journalism, but also affected the innovation and development of socialist journalism practice and even caused the mistakes made by public opinion. Here are all closely related to the above three major relations. First, on the nature of journalism. This issue has been argued for the longest and most intense time. Some people first pointed out that journalism is the “tool of class struggle,” and later that it is “a tool of class media.” In contrast, others argue that journalism is a “social media tool” or “The Social Media of Public Opinion,” and later proposed that “the party’s journalism is the mouthpiece of the party, the mouthpiece of the government, and the mouthpiece of the people,” which in turn has given rise to new and bigger debates. At this point, “class opinion media”, “ Social media tools, ”“ mouthpiece ”and other three points of view before us together.