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边沁生活于社会学与哲学学科分离的时代,边沁的功利主义不同于利己主义,不能简单地归结为利己行为的结果论;边沁不仅关注个人幸福,也强调社会幸福,并最终指向最大多数人的最大幸福。以往将边沁的功利主义误解为利己主义,从而无法理解功利主义幸福观与最大多数人的最大幸福在边沁理论中的一致性,边沁试图使人的利益取舍趋向社会普遍价值,并借由设想的自由社会和结构社会调解群体间利益,推动社会幸福的实现。边沁对人类可以获得幸福的坚信开启了当代社会学的启蒙精神。
Bentham lived in the era of the separation of sociology and philosophy, Bentham’s utilitarianism is different from egoism, can not simply be attributed to the result of self-serving behavior; Bentham not only concerned about individual well-being, but also emphasizes social happiness, and ultimately point to the largest Most people’s greatest happiness. In the past, Bentham’s utilitarianism was misunderstood as egoism and thus could not understand the consistency of Bentham’s theory in the theory of Bentham’s theory of the happiness of utilitarianism and that of the greatest majority. Bentham attempted to make people’s interests choose to be socially universal, By envisaging the interests of free society and structural society among groups, promoting the realization of social happiness. Bentham’s conviction that human beings can gain happiness opened the enlightenment spirit of contemporary sociology.