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目的:探讨儿童意外中毒的原因和特点,寻求相应的干预措施。方法:回顾性分析2004年1月~2010年12月两所医院收治的254例儿童意外中毒的临床资料。结果:254例儿童中,主动性中毒237例(93.31%),其中误服71例(27.95%);被动性中毒17例(6.69%),为环境被动中毒(蜂蜇伤、蛇咬伤、一氧化碳中毒);药物中毒(过量)154例(60.62%),其中城市儿童81例(31.89%),乡村儿童73例(28.74%);家中发生意外中毒210例(82.67%),户外意外中毒44例(17.33%);乡村儿童意外中毒160例(62.99%),城市儿童意外中毒94例(37.01%);灭害药(灭鼠、灭蟑、灭蚊、灭蝇)中毒36例(14.17%);农药中毒27例(10.63%);意外中毒死亡4例(1.57%);1~3岁儿童意外中毒158例(62.20%);男孩161例(63.38%),女孩93例(36.62%)。结论:儿童发生意外中毒乡村高于城市,均以药物中毒为首,家中的意外中毒发生率明显高于户外;1~3岁是意外中毒发生的主要年龄段,男孩发生率高于女孩。
Objective: To investigate the causes and characteristics of children’s accidental poisoning and seek corresponding interventions. Methods: The clinical data of 254 cases of accidental poisoning in children admitted from January 2004 to December 2010 in two hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. Results: In 254 children, there were 237 cases (93.31%) who were actively poisoned, 71 cases (27.95%) were mistakenly infected and 17 cases (6.69%) were passive poisoning. Among them, 81 (31.89%) were urban children and 73 (28.74%) were rural children. There were 210 cases (82.67%) of accidental poisoning at home and 44% of accidental poisoning 44 (17.33%). There were 160 cases of accidental poisoning of rural children (62.99%), 94 cases of accidental poisoning of urban children (37.01%), 36 cases of poisoning (14.17% ); Pesticide poisoning in 27 cases (10.63%); Accidental poisoning in 4 cases (1.57%); Accidental poisoning in children aged 1-3 years 158 cases (62.20%); 161 boys (63.38%), 93 girls (36.62% . Conclusion: The incidence of accidental poisoning in children is higher than that in cities. The incidence of accidental poisoning in the family is significantly higher than that in the outdoors. The incidence of accidental poisoning is the highest among children aged 1-3, and the incidence of boys is higher than that of girls.