论文部分内容阅读
甲醛（ＦＡ）在多种体外诱变测试中呈阳性，啮齿动物吸入甲醛蒸气后可引起鼻腔鳞状上皮细胞癌（１，２），接触人群的肿瘤发病率有升高趋势（３，５），因此对甲醛接触人群进行简单有效的遗传毒理学的生物学监测是十分必要的。本次研究微核测试的结果证实：８０名平均工龄１２年的甲醛接触者的外周血淋巴细胞微核细胞率较对照组有极显著的增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）．接触组吸烟人群较对照组吸烟人群的微核细胞率有极明显的增高（Ｐ＜０．０１），接触组非吸烟人群较对照组非吸烟人群的微核细胞率有明显的增高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。因此我们认为甲醛是一种染色体断裂剂及非整倍体诱变剂。我国现行车间空气中甲醛的最高容许浓度为１９７９年颁布国家标准３ｍｇ／ｍ３，尽管空气中甲醛浓度低于国家标准，但接触人群微核细胞率及ＣＡ率仍有极显著性的增加，说明我国现行的甲醛浓度标准是不安全的。外周血淋巴细胞微核测试法取材方便，操作方法简便、快速、敏感，针对甲醛接触人群是一种值得推广的遗传毒理学的生物学监测方法。
Formaldehyde (FA) is positive in a variety of in vitro mutagenesis tests. Rodent inhalation of formaldehyde vapor can cause nasal squamous cell carcinoma (1, 2), and the incidence of cancer in exposed populations is increasing (3,5) , So it is necessary to conduct a simple and effective genotoxicity monitoring of exposure to formaldehyde. The results of the micronucleus test in this study confirmed that the average number of 80-week-old workers with formaldehyde exposure had a significantly higher rate of peripheral blood lymphocyte micronuclei than that of the control group (P <0.01). The number of micronucleated cells in the smoker population in the contact group was significantly higher than that in the smoker population in the control group (P <0.01). The number of micronucleated cells in the non-smoker group was significantly higher than that of the non-smoker group in the control group (P < 0.05). Therefore, we believe that formaldehyde is a chromosomal cleavage agent and aneuploidy mutagen. China’s current workshop air formaldehyde maximum allowable concentration of 1979 promulgated the national standard 3mg / m3, despite the formaldehyde concentration in the air is lower than the national standard, but contact with the population micronucleus cells and CA rate is still significantly increased, indicating that China The current formaldehyde concentration standards are not safe. Peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus test method is easy to draw, operation method is simple, rapid and sensitive, and it is worth to popularize genotoxicity biological monitoring method to contact with formaldehyde.