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采用盆栽试验,研究在水稻田中分别施用不同剂量的苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸对土壤环境以及后茬紫云英生长的影响。结果表明:施用除草剂苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸均不利于后茬冬季绿肥作物紫云英植株干物质的累积,而且施用量越多,干物质累积越少,减幅达到13.1%~52.8%。低剂量的苄·丁显著降低了紫云英植株中N的累积量10.6%,而二氯喹啉酸降低紫云英植株中N和K的累积量分别为15.0%和15.2%;施用高剂量苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸分别降低紫云英植株中N、P和K的累积量32.7%~37.9%和49.6%~56.6%。施用苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸(低剂量或高剂量)降低土壤中有效N、K含量9.2%~28.7%和11.4%~29.6%;施用高剂量苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸降低土壤有效P含量5.4%和6.1%。另外,施用低剂量苄·丁对土壤中过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和尿酶活性的影响均不显著,而低剂量二氯喹啉酸则显著抑制了过氧化氢酶活性。施用高剂量苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸对土壤中蔗糖酶活性影响不显著,但均抑制了过氧化氢酶和尿酶活性。此外,施用低剂量和高剂量苄·丁增加了土壤中细菌数量,而二氯喹啉酸则正好相反。2种剂量的苄·丁和二氯喹啉酸均减少了土壤中放线菌数量,但对真菌数量影响不显著。综上所述,稻田施用低剂量(稻田推荐用量)苄·丁或二氯喹啉酸后应分别适当补充氮或氮、钾养分;而施用高剂量时则应适当补充氮、磷和钾营养,以满足后茬作物紫云英生长对养分的需要。
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different concentrations of benzyl and quinclorac applied to the soil environment and the growth of the Chinese milk vetch in paddy fields. The results showed that the application of herbicide Benzidine and quinclorac was not conducive to the accumulation of winter maize plant winter wheat following crop stubble accumulation, and the more the application rate, the less dry matter accumulation, a decrease of 13.1% ~ 52.8 %. Low doses of benzyl · butyrate significantly reduced the accumulation of N in the plants of Astragalus sinicus by 10.6% while the quinclorac lowered the accumulation of N and K in plants of Astragalus sinicus by 15.0% and 15.2%, respectively. The high doses of benzyl · Ding and quinclorac decreased the accumulation of N, P and K in Astragalus membranaceus plants by 32.7% -37.9% and 49.6% -56.6%, respectively. Benzalkonium chloride and quinclorac (low dose or high dose) decreased soil available N and K levels by 9.2% -28.7% and 11.4% -29.6%, while high dose of benzyl and quinclorac decreased soil fertility P content of 5.4% and 6.1%. In addition, the effects of low doses of benzylbine on the activities of catalase, sucrase and urease in soil were not significant, but low doses of quinclorac significantly inhibited the activity of catalase. The effects of high doses of benzyl and quinclorac on the activity of invertase in soil were not significant, but all inhibited the activity of catalase and urease. In addition, the application of low and high doses of benzylbutynin increased the amount of bacteria in the soil, whereas quinclorac was the opposite. Benzalkonium chloride and quinclorac both reduced the amount of actinomycetes in soil, but had no significant effect on the number of fungi. In summary, the application of low doses of rice paddy (rice paddy recommended amount) benzyl chloride or quinclorac after appropriate nitrogen or nitrogen and potassium nutrients were added; and high doses should be appropriate to add nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition, In order to meet the needs of nutrients of the stubble crop Astragalus growth.