目的:了解河南省某村妇女产褥期保健现状。方法:运用问卷调查和个别访谈法对河南省某村57名≤2岁婴幼儿的母亲进行调查。结果:产褥期妇女不吃水果51人,占89.5%;不吃蔬菜36人,占63.2%;不洗发49人,占86.0%;不外出活动49人,占89.0%;不通风50人,占87.7%。产妇的文化程度是自我保健态度的影响因素。结论:农村妇女产褥期自我保健存在误区,饮食结构欠合理、卫生状况欠佳、运动较少。农村医疗卫生保健服务尚未普及,应视具体情况,向农村普及妇幼保健知识,提高母婴健康水平。 Objective: To understand the status of puerperium health care in a village in Henan province. Methods: A questionnaire and individual interviews were used to investigate the mothers of 57 infants <2 years old in a village of Henan Province. Results: The puerperium women did not eat fruit 51 people, accounting for 89.5%; 36 people did not eat vegetables, accounting for 63.2%; 49 people did not shampoo, accounting for 86.0%; out of 49 activities, accounting for 89.0%; 87.7%. The level of maternal education is a contributing factor to self-care attitude. Conclusions: Rural women have some errors in their puerperium self-care. Their diet structure is not reasonable, their health conditions are not good, and their exercise is less. Rural medical and health care services have not yet been widely used. Knowledge of maternal and child health should be popularized in rural areas and maternal and child health should be improved, as appropriate.