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目的探讨草豆蔻及其混用品小草蔻、云南草蔻的鉴别。方法通过比较这3种药材的来源、性状、显微特征和薄层色谱特征辨析真伪。结果发现可用于鉴别的特征:性状,可通过种子团大小和每瓣种子数直观快速区分;种子横切面显微特征,可通过假种皮细胞和油细胞的数量及分布情况区分;薄层色谱特征,在文中的色谱条件下正品可检出山姜素和小豆蔻明,而混用品未检出。结论三种方法从外观特征、显微组织结构、化学成分三个层面综合反映混用品和正品的差异,这对于亲缘相近药材的鉴别非常重要。
Objective To investigate the identification of Chinese nutmeg and its mixture Xiao Ke-kou and Yunnan grass-card. Methods By comparing the origin of these three herbs, traits, microscopic features and TLC characteristics of discrimination. The results showed that the traits that can be used for identification: traits, can be distinguished visually and quickly by the size of the seed mass and the number of seeds per seed; the microscopic characteristics of the seed cross-section can be distinguished by the number and distribution of pseudocapsule cells and oil cells; Characteristics, in the context of the chromatographic conditions can be detected Genuine alpine ginger and cardamom, and mixed items not detected. Conclusion The three methods comprehensively reflect the differences of mixed products and genuine products from three aspects of appearance characteristics, microstructure and chemical composition, which is very important for the identification of relative medicinal materials.