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2010年9月29日,WTO争端解决机构发布了美国——影响中国禽肉进口的特定措施案(WT/DS392)的专家组报告。专家组全面支持了中国的诉请,裁定美国《2009年综合拨款法》的第727条款违反WTO《实施卫生与植物卫生措施协定》、最惠国待遇和普遍取消数量限制原则等多项规定。10月25日,专家组报告正式通过。中美两国自2004年便持续升级的“禽肉大战”终于在WTO的裁决下以中方的全面胜利而“完美”谢幕。本案是中国在WTO框架内首次对美国国会立法提出挑战,也是第一次提起SPS争端,即赢来了全面性的胜利,意义重大。本文对该案的前因后果,发展历程,所涉主要法律问题以及案件裁决对中国今后的WTO争端解决实践的意义进行了评析。
On September 29, 2010, the WTO Dispute Settlement Body released the report of the panel of experts from the United States - Specific Measures Affecting the Import of Poultry in China (WT / DS392). The Group fully supported China’s petition and ruled that Article 727 of the 2009 Comprehensive Appropriation Law of the United States violated various provisions of the WTO Agreement on the Implementation of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, the Most-Favored Nation, and the General Cancellation of Quantity Limits. On October 25, the report of the expert group was officially passed. The poultry war, which China and the United States have been upgrading continuously since 2004, finally won the curtain of “perfect” under the WTO ruling with the all-round victory of China. This case is the first time China has challenged the legislation of the United States Congress within the framework of WTO. It is also the first time that SPS dispute was lodged, that is, it has won a comprehensive victory and is of great significance. This article analyzes the antecedents and causes of the case, its development history, the main legal issues involved and the significance of the case ruling on the future WTO dispute settlement practice in China.