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对位于北极Svalbard群岛新奥尔松(Ny-lesund)的Austre Lovénbreen和Pedersenbreen冰川首个物质平衡年(2005/06年度)的冰川表面物质平衡及其运动特征进行研究,并阐述了Austre Lovénbreen冰川末端位置的变化状况。结果表明:(1)Austre Lovénbreen和Pedersenbreen冰川净物质平衡分别为-0.44和-0.20m w.e.,年消融量分别为0.99和0.94m w.e.,对应冰川零平衡线高度分别为478.10和494.87m。(2)两条冰川符合Svalbard地区跃动冰川运动的特征模式。运动速度矢量的水平分量表现为:向主流线辐合或平行于主流线。下游运动速度较慢,而在中上游运动相对较快。Austre Lovénbreen冰川表面各观测点的运动速度平均值为2.28m·a-1,运动速度最大值和最小值分别为3.91和0.81m·a-1;Pedersenbreen冰川表面观测点运动速度平均值为6.74m·a-1,运动速度最大值和最小值分别为8.13和5.49m·a-1。运动速度矢量的垂直分量表现为:消融区冰川消融量随海拔升高而减弱,Austre Lovénbreen冰川至E断面表现出微弱的积累,海拔高度略有升高。实际垂直运动量总体符合冰川运动的一般形式,即积累区向下运动,消融区向上运动。(3)Austre Lovénbreen冰川末端2005/06年度处于退缩状态,平均退缩量达21.83m·a-1,各观测点中最大、最小退缩量分别为77.30和2.76m·a-1,差异显著。
A study of the surface mass balance and its kinematics of glaciers in the first Matter balance year (2005/06) of the Austre Lovénbreen and the Pedersenbreen glaciers in the Ny-lesund, Arctic Pole, and an account of the glaciation of the Austre Lovénbreen glacier End position changes. The results show that: (1) The net material balance of the Austre Lovénbreen and Pedersenbreen glaciers is -0.44 and -0.20 m w.e. respectively, and the annual ablation quantities are 0.99 and 0.94 m w.e., respectively. The corresponding zero height of the glacier is 478.10 and 494.87 m respectively. (2) The two glaciers correspond to the characteristic pattern of glacial ice movement in Svalbard. The horizontal component of the motion velocity vector is manifested as convergence to the main line or parallel to the main line. Downstream movement is slower, while in the upper reaches of the movement is relatively fast. The average velocity of the glacier on the Austre Lovénbreen surface is 2.28m · a-1, the maximum and minimum velocities are 3.91 and 0.81m · a-1, respectively. The average moving velocity of the surface observation points on the Pedersenbreen glacier is 6.74m · A-1, the maximum and minimum velocity are 8.13 and 5.49m · a-1, respectively. The vertical component of the velocity vector is as follows: the ablation volume of glaciers in the ablation zone decreases with the elevation, and the glacial glacier from Austre Lovén glacier to E shows a weak accumulation with a slight elevation above sea level. The actual amount of vertical movement generally conforms to the general form of glacier movement, ie, the accumulation zone moves downward and the ablation zone moves upward. (3) The end of Austre Lovénbreen glacier retreated in 2005/06 with an average of 21.83m · a-1. The maximum and minimum withdrawals of each observation point were 77.30 and 2.76m · a-1, respectively, with significant differences.