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目的了解中缅边境地区盈江县疟疾疫点处置情况并分析该县疟疾流行态势,为云南省边境地区消除疟疾提供防治对策与与措施依据。方法2015年6-7月在云南省盈江县那邦镇和铜壁关乡选择有疟疾本地感染病例或输入性病例的4个自然村(那邦镇景颇寨、傈僳寨和街马村,铜壁关南开山)进行调查。采集调查对象外周血,用疟疾快速诊断卡(RDT)进行检测,采用巢式PCR(nested-PCR)进行复核。采用诱蚊灯通宵诱蚊法对那邦镇患者较集中的景颇寨、傈僳寨和街马村,以及缅甸拉咱市勐相样进行捕蚊;同时用通宵人诱法在有本地感染病例的那邦镇景颇寨和傈僳寨进行捕蚊,对所捕获的部分微小按蚊(Anopheles minimus)用巢式PCR检测其疟原虫子孢子感染情况。结果在盈江县那邦镇和铜壁关乡以11例疟疾病例为线索共采集194人血样,现场RDT检测均为疟原虫阴性,但巢式PCR检测2份为间日疟原虫(Plasmodium vivax)阳性,均来自以本地感染病例为线索的景颇寨和傈僳寨调查点。共捕获蚊虫2 374只,分属按蚊属、库蚊属、伊蚊属和阿蚊属的22个种。库蚊属为当地优势属;其次是按蚊属,占11.33%(269/2 374)。微小按蚊是按蚊属的优势种群,占该属的49.07%(132/269),其次是中华按蚊4.09%(11/269)、多斑按蚊2.23%(6/269)和吉甫按蚊0.74%(2/269)等。景颇寨和傈僳寨户内蚊虫平均叮人率分别为5.78只/(人·h)和3.20只/(人·h),傈僳寨户外蚊虫平均叮人率为2.30只/(人·h)。巢式PCR检测微小按蚊14只,均为疟原虫子孢子阴性。结论云南省盈江县边境地区存在疟原虫无症状带虫者;存在主要传播媒介微小按蚊、中华按蚊、吉甫按蚊和多斑按蚊,且微小按蚊为按蚊属的优势种群。
Objective To understand the treatment of malaria epidemic in Yingjiang County in the Sino-Burmese border area and to analyze the prevalence of malaria in this county and to provide countermeasures and measures for malaria elimination in the border areas of Yunnan Province. Methods From June to July 2015, 4 natural villages (Naobu Village, Qiongzhai Village and Jiema Village, Naobu Town, Naobang Village) were selected in Na Bang Town and Tongbiguan Township, Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province. South wall mountain wall) to investigate. Peripheral blood samples were collected from peripheral blood samples, tested by Rapid Diagnostic Card for Malaria (RDT), and nested-PCR was used for review. The use of mosquito lamp all-night mosquito method of Na Bangzhen patients are more concentrated Jingpo Walled, 傈 僳 Walled and Street Macun, as well as Myanmar pull 市 City Meng similar to catch mosquitoes; at the same time with overnight induced lure in cases of local infection Naobu Township, Naobang Township, Jingpozhai Village and Qiongzhai Village, and some of the captured Anopheles minimus were detected by nested PCR for the infection of Plasmodium sporozoites. Results A total of 194 blood samples were collected from 11 cases of malaria cases in Naobang Township and Tongbweiguan Township of Yingjiang County. All the RDT tests were negative for Plasmodium vivax (Plasmodium vivax) ) Were positive, both from the local infection cases clues Jingpozhai and Qionglai Village survey point. A total of 2 374 mosquitoes were captured, belonging to 22 species of Anopheles, Culex, Aedes and A mosquitoes. Culex is a dominant genus in the area, followed by Anopheles, accounting for 11.33% (269/2 374). Anopheles minimus was the dominant species of Anopheles, accounting for 49.07% (132/269) of the genus, followed by Anopheles sinensis 4.09% (11/269), Anopheles stephensi 2.23% (6/269) and Ji Fu Anopheles mosquitoes 0.74% (2/269) and so on. The average mosquito bite rate in Jingpozhai Village and Qionglai Village was 5.78 / (person · h) and 3.20 / (person · h), respectively. The average outdoor burglary rate was 2.30 / person / h. Nested PCR detection Anopheles minimus 14, were negative for sporozoites. Conclusion There are asymptomatic serogroups of Plasmodium in the border area of Yingjiang County in Yunnan Province. There are dominant vectors of Anopheles minimus, Anopheles sinensis, Anopheles gigantho and An. Mosquito, and Anopheles minimus .