反讽产生于认同感的缺失和对自我意识的审视,是无限绝对的否定。卡夫卡在小说《变形记》中通过主人公格里高尔变为大甲虫之后产生的认同感危机,建构了多层次的反讽,探究了现代人的意识和认同危机,对社会体系提出了质疑,同时彻底地否定了他所身处的社会价值体系。 Ironic origins in the lack of identity and self-awareness of the review, is an infinite absolute negation. In the novel “Metamorphosis”, Kafka constructs a multi-level irony through the crisis of identity crisis after the protagonist Gerry Gorgon turns into a large beetle, probes into the modern people’s consciousness and identity crisis, and challenges the social system , While completely denying the social value system in which he lives.