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头孢菌素类(Cephalosporins)与青霉素类(Penicillins)同属β-内酰胺类抗生素(β-lactam antibiotics)。由于此类抗生素抗菌谱广,抗菌力强对厌氧菌有高效),对β-内酰胺酶(β-lactase)稳定性好,毒性低,临床疗效好而成为抗感染药物的重要品种。因此,各国药厂都很重视生产和开发这类药物,产量在抗生素总产量中的比重迅速上升。据有关资料称,头孢菌素销售额每年以69％的平均增长率逐年上升(1981～1986年),其它抗菌素则为11.5％。在我国,七十年代后期至八十年代,上市的头孢菌素有15个品种,第1代6个,第2代4个,第3代5
Cephalosporins and penicillins are both β-lactam antibiotics. Because of antibacterial antibacterial wide spectrum of antibacterial strong anaerobic bacteria are efficient), β-lactamase (β-lactase) stability, low toxicity, good clinical efficacy and become an important anti-infective drugs. Therefore, pharmaceutical companies in all countries attach great importance to the production and development of such drugs, and the proportion of output in the total output of antibiotics has rapidly risen. According to the information, sales of cephalosporins increase year by year with an average annual growth rate of 69% (from 1981 to 1986) and that of other antibiotics is 11.5%. In our country, from the late seventies to the eighties, there are 15 varieties of cephalosporins listed, the first generation of six, the second generation of four, the third generation of 5