人本思想是现代管理的核心,而不同的人性观有不同的管理理念。本文考察了西方管理理论中“经济人”、“社会人”、“自我实现人”、“复杂人”和“文化人”等各种人性假设的具体内涵,梳理了与各种人性假设相对应的X理论、人群关系理论、Y理论、超Y理论和Z理论的演变过程,归纳了各种人性假设内容及其对人本管理理论的贡献与局限性。 Humanism is the core of modern management, and different concepts of human nature have different management concepts. This paper examines the specific connotations of various humanistic assumptions such as “economic man”, “social man”, “self-actualizing person”, “complex man” and “cultural man” in western management theory , Sorted out the X theory, the crowd relationship theory, the Y theory, the super-Y theory and the evolution of the Z theory corresponding to various human nature hypotheses, and summarized various human nature hypotheses and their contributions and limitations to the theory of human capital management .