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目的探讨山东省农村老年人与收入相关的健康不平等状况,为改善农村老年人的健康公平提供政策建议和科学依据。方法利用2013年在山东省3县收集的975名农村老年人调查数据,计算集中指数度量与收入相关的健康不平等状况,并对其影响因素进行分解研究。结果山东省农村老年人存在亲富人的健康不平等,且收入对健康不平等的贡献最大,社会资本次之。社会资本四个维度中的日常生活资源是老年人生理和心理层面健康不平等的最大贡献因素。结论收入和社会资本对农村老年人健康不平等的贡献额度较大,建议今后应不断改善农村老年人的家庭经济和社会资本状况,促进其健康公平状况的改善。
Objective To explore the income inequality of rural elderly in Shandong Province and to provide policy suggestions and scientific basis for improving the health equity of rural elderly. Methods Using the survey data of 975 rural elderly collected in 3 counties of Shandong Province in 2013, we calculated the inequality of income related to the concentration index and decomposed the influencing factors. Results The elderly in rural areas of Shandong Province had health inequalities among the rich and the poor, and their income made the most contribution to the health inequality, followed by the social capital. The resources of daily living in the four dimensions of social capital are the biggest contributors to the health and psychological health inequalities of the elderly. Conclusion Income and social capital have a great contribution to the health inequality of the elderly in rural areas. It is suggested that the family economic and social capital of the elderly in the rural areas should be continuously improved in the future so as to promote the improvement of their health and fairness.