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随着基因组学的发展,人们发现编码基因序列并不能完全解释所有的遗传效应,而环境暴露和非编码基因序列等在机体的病理、生理过程中也起重要作用。因而,表观遗传学逐渐受到关注。从生命早期到成年时期暴露的各种环境有害因素均可增加机体患病风险。micro RNAs(mi RNAs)在转录后翻译水平调控蛋白质的表达,能与一种或多种靶m RNAs相互作用,几乎参与了生命体所有的病理、生理过程,可作为疾病早期生物标志物。同时,mi RNAs易受环境因素影响,在从暴露到出现健康效应的过程中起重要的调节作用,有望作为环境暴露或效应生物标志物。由此,在环境暴露危险度评价中,mi RNAs将发挥越来越重要的作用。
With the development of genomics, it has been found that the coding sequence does not fully explain all the genetic effects. However, environmental exposure and non-coding sequence also play important roles in the pathology and physiology of the body. Thus, epigenetics is gradually receiving attention. Various environmental hazards exposed from early life to adulthood can increase the risk of the disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of proteins at the transcriptional level after transcription and interact with one or more target m RNAs. They are involved in almost all pathological and physiological processes of living organisms and can be used as early biomarkers of diseases. In the meantime, mi RNAs are easily affected by environmental factors and play an important regulatory role in the process of exposure from exposure to health effects, and are expected to serve as biomarkers of environmental exposure or effect. As a result, miRNAs play an increasingly important role in the assessment of environmental exposure risk.