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【目的】研究土壤不同程度干旱处理对两个葡萄品种叶片相对电导率、相对含水量、光合色素含量以及叶绿素荧光特征参数的影响。【方法】以吐鲁番主栽葡萄品种火焰无核和无核白扦插苗作为研究对象,采用盆栽模拟干旱处理法。【结果】随着土壤相对含水量的减少,两个葡萄品种的叶片相对电导率均呈现逐渐上升趋势,其中火焰无核的上升幅度比无核白较大;火焰无核T1、T2、T3处理的叶片相对含水量均显著小于对照(CK),无核白T1和T2处理的叶片相对含水量比CK差异不显著,T3处理显著低于CK。两个葡萄品种的叶绿素a和叶绿素b均随着土壤相对含水量的减少呈现逐渐下降趋势,火焰无核的叶绿素a/叶绿素b值在各处理间差异不显著,而无核白T3处理的叶绿素a/叶绿素b值显著高于其它处理,其值为4.935±0.310;火焰无核T1处理和无核白T2处理的类胡萝卜素含量均最高,值分别为(27.293±2.021)mg/cm2、(17.090±2.127)mg/cm2。随着土壤相对含水量的减少,两个葡萄品种光化学量子效率(F m/Fv)、PSⅡ实际量子效率(ФPSⅡ)和光化学淬灭系数(q P)均缓慢下降,而其电子传递速率(ETR)呈现先上升后下降趋势,T2处理的ETR均最大,火焰无核和无核白T2处理的ETR分别为2.486±0.088、0.794±0.050。【结论】随着土壤相对含水量的减少,火焰无核扦插苗的旱害程度逐渐增大,而无核白在T1处理下基本上没受到旱害,T2和T3处理时受到一定程度的旱害。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of soil drought treatment on relative electric conductivity, relative water content, photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of two grape cultivars. 【Method】 Flame seedless and seedless white cuttage seedlings of Turpan grape were used as research object, and potted plants were used to simulate drought treatment. 【Result】 With the decrease of soil relative water content, the relative electric conductivity of leaves of both grape varieties showed a gradual upward trend, in which the increase of flame nucleus was larger than that of non-nucleus; the treatment of flame without nuclei T1, T2 and T3 The relative water content of leaves was significantly less than that of CK. The relative water content of leaf without T1 and T2 without nuclei was not significantly different from that of CK, and the content of T3 was significantly lower than that of CK. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b of both grape cultivars decreased gradually with the decrease of soil relative water content. There was no significant difference in chlorophyll a / chlorophyll b value between seedless and non-nuclear white T3 treated chlorophyll a / chlorophyll b value was significantly higher than other treatments, the value was 4.935 ± 0.310; the content of carotenoids in flameless nuclear T1 and non-nuclear T2 treatment were the highest (27.293 ± 2.021 mg / cm2, 17.090 ± 2.127) mg / cm2. With the reduction of soil relative water content, photochemical quantum efficiency (F m / Fv), PS Ⅱ actual quantum efficiency (Ф PS Ⅱ) and photochemical quenching coefficient (q P) both decreased slowly, while the electron transfer rate (ETR ) Showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The ETR of T2 treatment was the largest, and the ETRs of non-nuclear and non-nuclear T2 treatment were 2.486 ± 0.088 and 0.794 ± 0.050, respectively. 【Conclusion】 With the reduction of soil relative water content, the degree of drought damage of Flame seedless cutting seedlings gradually increased, whereas seedless seedlings were almost not affected by drought treatment under T1 treatment, and some degree of drought in T2 and T3 treatments harm.