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[目的]了解济南市住院分娩产妇的乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)检测情况及新生儿首针乙肝疫苗及时接种情况,为进一步完善新生儿乙肝免疫预防策略提供参考。[方法]对2010年济南市各级医疗机构孕产妇HBsAg检测和新生儿乙肝首针接种监测资料进行分析。[结果]2010年济南市各级医疗机构合计报告住院分娩产妇76 274名,出生新生儿77 186名,其中本市新生儿73 896名,外地新生儿3 290名。产妇HBsAg检查率为94.60%,各县(市、区)在75.50%～100.00%;已检查者阳性率为3.08%,各县(市、区)在0.99%～3.99%。新生儿首针乙肝及时接种率为95.73%,各县(市、区)在91.66%～99.30%。乙肝疫苗及时接种率,本地新生儿为96.20%,外地新生儿为85.32%(P<0.01)。2 473名未及时接种乙肝疫苗的新生儿中,未及时接种原因为早产、难产的占31.54%,低出生体重者占22.00%,患病占38.70%,新生儿窒息占6.71%,家长拒绝接种占0.28%,新生儿畸形占0.32%,其他占0.44%。[结论]2010年济南市住院分娩产妇产前HBsAg检查各县(市)、区存在不平衡现象,新生儿乙肝疫苗及时接种率较高。
[Objective] To investigate the detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and inoculation of first-dose hepatitis B vaccine in newborns in Jinan in order to further improve the strategy of hepatitis B immunization prevention in newborns. [Methods] The data of maternal HBsAg testing and the first needle inoculation surveillance of neonatal hepatitis B in medical institutions in Jinan in 2010 were analyzed. [Results] In 2010, medical institutions at all levels in Jinan reported a total of 76,274 maternal births and 77,186 newborns, including 73,896 newborns and 3,290 newborn babies in the city. The detection rate of HBsAg in mothers was 94.60%, with 75.50% ~ 100.00% in all counties (cities and districts). The positive rate of HBsAg was 3.08% in all counties and 0.99% -3.99% in all counties (cities and districts). The first-dose neonatal hepatitis B timely vaccination rate was 95.73%, counties (cities, districts) in 91.66% ~ 99.30%. The timely vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine was 96.20% for local newborn and 85.32% for newborn infants (P <0.01). Among 4773 neonates who did not receive timely hepatitis B vaccine, 31.54% of them were born prematurely and without dystocia, 22.00% were born with low birth weight, 38.70% were sick, 6.71% were neonatal asphyxia, and parents refused to take it Accounting for 0.28%, neonatal malformations accounted for 0.32%, others accounted for 0.44%. [Conclusion] In 2010, prenatal HBsAg testing of inpatient delivery in Jinan City was inequitable in counties (cities) and districts, and the timely vaccination rate of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine was high.