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以多功能水溶性聚合物配体制备的纳米颗粒具有小尺寸、单分散、生物相容性良好的特点,同时还具备近红外荧光、超顺磁性等特殊物理性质,弥补了传统方法制备纳米颗粒的缺陷。本文综述了近年来多功能水溶性聚合物配体制备贵金属纳米颗粒、磁性纳米颗粒、纳米量子点以及复合结构纳米颗粒的进展;阐述了多功能水溶性聚合物配体在制备纳米颗粒方面的优势;分析了多功能水溶性聚合物的结构、分子量、浓度等因素对制备纳米颗粒的影响;最后,探讨了小尺寸、单分散、水溶性的纳米颗粒在配体交换、药物靶向传输体系、疾病检测、生物标签、核磁共振成像以及光电学等领域的应用,并展望了多功能水溶性聚合物配体制备纳米颗粒的研究方向。
The multifunctional water-soluble polymer ligand prepared nanoparticles with small size, monodisperse, good biocompatibility, but also has near-infrared fluorescence, superparamagnetic and other special physical properties to make up for the traditional method of preparing nanoparticles Defects. In this paper, the recent progress in preparation of noble metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, nanometer quantum dots and composite structure nanoparticles by multifunctional water-soluble polymer ligands is reviewed. The advantages of multifunctional water-soluble polymer ligands in the preparation of nanoparticles The effects of the structure, molecular weight and concentration of the multifunctional water-soluble polymer on the preparation of the nanoparticles were analyzed. Finally, the effects of the small size, monodisperse and water-soluble nanoparticles on the ligand exchange, drug target delivery system, Disease detection, bio-labeling, magnetic resonance imaging and optoelectronics applications, and prospects for multi-functional water-soluble polymer ligand preparation of nanoparticles research.