目的了解铸造工人职业紧张对健康的影响。方法整群抽取2家铸造企业651名工人,采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)对其职业任务、紧张反应和应对资源进行评分,采用生存质量量表(WHOQOLBREF中文版)对其生理、心理、社会和环境领域进行评价,采用SPSS统计软件对职业紧张低、中、高组间生存质量进行方差分析和SNK-q检验,对职业紧张与生存质量的关系进行偏相关分析和多元逐步回归分析。结果随职业任务及子项(除责任感外)、紧张反应及子项得分的增高,生存质量总分及领域(除职业任务、任务过重、责任感、工作环境、人际关系紧张反应的个别领域外)得分呈降低趋势;随应对资源及各子项得分的增高,生存质量总分及领域(除自我保健的社会领域)得分呈增高趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。相关分析表明,职业任务及子项任务不适、任务模糊、任务冲突,以及紧张反应及各子项得分与生存质量各领域、总得分呈负相关,应对资源及各子项与生存质量各领域、总得分呈正相关。回归分析显示,任务不适、任务冲突、工作环境、躯体紧张反应、心理紧张反应、应对资源各子项对生存质量3个及以上领域得分有影响,是生存质量的主要影响因素。结论铸造工人职业紧张可影响其生存质量。职业任务、紧张反应可降低,而应对资源可提高其生存质量。提高铸造工人生存质量,首先是考虑增加应对资源,提高其适应和控制能力;其次是要消除躯体和心理紧张反应以及合理分配工作,创造良好工作环境等。 Objective To understand the health effects of occupational stress in foundry workers. Methods A total of 651 workers in two foundries were sampled and scored by Occupational Stress Test (OSI-R) for their occupational tasks, nervousness and coping resources. The quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOLBREF) , Social and environmental areas, SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the relationship between occupational stress and quality of life by means of variance analysis and SNK-q test on the quality of life with low occupational stress, middle and high groups, and multiple stepwise regression analysis . The results showed that with the increase of occupational tasks and sub-items (except for sense of responsibility), nervousness and sub-scores, the total score of quality of life and areas (except for the individual fields of occupational tasks, overwork tasks, responsibilities, working environment and interpersonal tension reaction) ) Score showed a decreasing trend. With the increase of resources and sub-items, the total scores of quality of life and areas (except for social areas of self-care) showed an increasing trend, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01 or P <0.05) . Correlation analysis showed that there were negative correlations between occupational tasks and sub-tasks, ambiguity of tasks, conflicts of tasks, and scores of stress responses and subscales of all subscales and subscores of total quality of life, coping with resources and various sub-items and quality of life, The total score was positively correlated. Regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the quality of life were task discomfort, task conflict, work environment, physical stress response, psychological stress response, and coping with the impact of resource sub-items on scores of 3 or more areas of quality of life. Conclusion Foundry workers’ occupational stress can affect their quality of life. Occupational tasks, tension can be reduced, and respond to resources can improve their quality of life. To improve the quality of life of foundry workers, the first is to consider increasing resources to respond to improve their ability to adapt and control; the second is to eliminate physical and psychological stress and rational distribution of work to create a good working environment.