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沉积构造是指沉积岩各个组成部分之间的空间分布和排列方式。它是沉积物沉积时或沉积之后,由于物理作用、化学作用及生物作用形成的。在沉积物形成过程中及沉积固结成岩之前形成的构造,叫原生构造,例如层理及层面构造;固结成岩之后形成的构造为次生构造,例如缝合线等。研究沉积岩的原生构造,可以确定沉积介质的营力及流动状态,从而有助于分析沉积环境,有的还可确定地层的顶底层序等。沉积构造用来描述沉积岩各组成部分的这种分布与排列,是沉积作用与过程、古环境以及矿床发育的重要标志。
Sedimentary structure refers to the spatial distribution and arrangement of the various components of sedimentary rocks. It is deposited or deposited sediment, due to physical, chemical and biological effects formed. Structures formed during sediment formation and prior to sedimentary consolidation of diagenesis are called primary structures such as bedding and bedding structures; concretes formed after consolidation are secondary structures such as sutures and the like. Studying the primary structure of sedimentary rocks can determine the tectonic force and flow state of sedimentary media, which can help to analyze the sedimentary environment, and some can also determine the top-bottom sequence of strata and so on. Sedimentary structures are used to describe the distribution and arrangement of various components of sedimentary rocks. They are important indicators of sedimentation and process, paleoenvironment and deposit development.