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吐鲁番—哈密盆地从晚二叠世到晚第三纪经历了复杂的，多旋回的沉积构造演化历史，造成主要地层间均以不整合为界。盆地内沉积相类型丰富，沉积环境随时间的推移而发生改变。在晚石炭世，盆地北部为浅海环境；到晚二叠世，沉积环境由海相转变为陆相，并在上二叠统下部形成大量冲积相或河流相粗碎屑沉积；在三叠纪，沉积物主要形成于冲积相或河流—湖泊环境中，古气候则由干旱转为温暖湿润。早、中侏罗世，沉积环境以湖泊—沼泽相为主；到晚侏罗世，则以辫状河流相为主及干旱气候为特征。在白垩纪，盆地的沉积范围大为缩小，以湖泊环境为主；第三纪，沉积范围则扩大到整个盆地，沉积相以辫状河流及冲积相为特征，沉积气候干旱，局部地区接受了盐类沉积。古流向分析显示，吐—哈盆地具有复杂的沉积搬运体系。在盆地南侧，沉积物搬运方向总是由南向北，表明觉罗塔格山是盆地的主要物源区；而在盆地北侧，博格达山自晚侏罗世开始隆起，构成盆地的另一新的物源区，沉积物搬运方向由北向南。在白垩及第三纪，博格达山成为盆地的主要物源区。
The Turpan-Hami basin experienced a complex and multi-cycle sedimentary evolution history from the Late Permian to the late Tertiary, resulting in unconformity between the major strata. Sedimentary facies are abundant in the basin, and the depositional environment changes with the passage of time. In the Late Carboniferous, the northern part of the basin was a shallow sea environment. In the late Permian, the sedimentary environment changed from marine to continental facies, and formed a large amount of alluvial facies or fluvial sediment in the lower part of the Upper Permian. In Triassic The sediments are mainly formed in the alluvial phase or in the rivers and lakes. The paleoclimate changed from arid to warm and humid. In the early and Middle Jurassic, the sedimentary environment was dominated by lacustrine-marsh facies; in the late Jurassic, the braided river facies was dominant and arid climate was the dominant characteristic. In the Cretaceous, the sedimentary range of the basin was greatly reduced, mainly in the lake environment. In the Tertiary, the sedimentary scope expanded to the whole basin. The sedimentary facies was characterized by the braided river and alluvial facies, the sedimentary climate was arid, and the local area accepted Salt deposition. Paleo-flow analysis shows that the Tu-Ha basin has a complex sedimentation system. On the southern side of the basin, the sediment transport direction is always from south to north, indicating that the Jueluotage Mountain is the main source area of the basin. On the northern side of the basin, the Bogda Mountain rises from the Late Jurassic and forms the basin Another new source area, sediment handling direction from north to south. In chalk and Tertiary, Bogda Mountain became the main source area of the basin.