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目的掌握德昌县艾滋病流行趋势,为制订防控措施提供准确依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法分析德昌县1995年以来艾滋病疫情资料。结果自1995年德昌县报告首例艾滋病感染者至2011年8月共报告艾滋病感染者/患者262例,年均报告发病率18.95/10万,2008年2010年报告发病率呈快速增长趋势;男性年均发病率26.57/10万,女性11.05/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=43.94,P=0.002),男女性别比为2.49︰1;年龄分布以20～45岁和55～75岁高发为特征,两个年龄段合计占病例报告总数93.49%;农民、不详2项职业的艾滋病病例数占全部病例的82.4%,职业高峰明显;异性传播及注射毒品是德昌县艾滋病的主要传播途径,分别占病例总数的64.89%、32.82%。异性传播中有29例为夫妻间家庭式感染病例,另外还有3例为母婴传播病例。结论德昌县艾滋病疫情快速增长,形势严峻,须加强艾滋病防治知识宣传,提高全民预防艾滋病的意识;各部门互相合作,对娱乐场所进行监管;加强对流动人口的管理;进一步完善咨询检测网络,提高艾滋病的发现率,以有效控制艾滋病的蔓延。
Objective To grasp the epidemic trend of AIDS in Dechang County and provide an accurate basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze AIDS epidemic data in Dechang County since 1995. Results A total of 262 cases of HIV / AIDS were reported in Dechang county from August 1995 to August 2011, with an average annual incidence of 18.95 / 100 000. The incidence in 2008 was rapidly increasing. The average annual incidence rate of male was 26.57 / 100000, while that of female was 11.05 / 100000, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 43.94, P = 0.002). The male / female sex ratio was 2.49︰1. The age distribution ranged from 20 to 45 years and from 55 to 75 Year-old high incidence, the two age groups together accounted for 93.49% of the total number of case reports; peasants, the unknown number of 2 occupations of AIDS cases accounted for 82.4% of all cases, the peak occupation; heterosexual transmission and injection of drugs is the main AIDS Transmission, accounting for 64.89% of the total number of cases, 32.82%. Twenty-nine of the cases of heterosexual transmission were family-related infections among couples and another three were cases of mother-to-child transmission. Conclusions The epidemic situation of AIDS in Dechang County is growing rapidly and the situation is grim. Knowledge of AIDS prevention and control needs to be strengthened so as to raise the awareness of all people in AIDS prevention. The departments cooperate with each other to supervise entertainment. The management of floating population should be strengthened, the network of counseling and testing should be further improved, Increase the rate of AIDS detection in order to effectively control the spread of AIDS.