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目的 了解某农村人群甲、乙、丙、戊和庚型肝炎病毒的感染状况及其流行特点。方法 应用酶联免疫试验 (EIA)检测血清抗 -HAV、HBsAg、抗 -HBs、抗 -HBc、抗 -HCV、抗 -HEV和抗 -HGV ,并对抗 -HGV阳性者应用套式逆转录聚合酶链反应法 (RT -nPCR)检测HGVRNA。结果 该人群抗 -HAV、抗 -HCV、抗 -HEV和抗 -HGV流行率分别为 86.9%、11.5 %、2 .9%和 1.8% ,HBsAg阳性率为8.0 % ,HBV总感染率为 5 4.8%。HAV以 5岁以下儿童感染率最低 ( 35 .0 % ) ,到 10岁时 85 .0 %的儿童已感染HAV。HBsAg阳性率呈现两个高峰 ,分别在 5～ 9岁和 40～ 49岁年龄组 ;HBV总感染率到 10岁时为 5 5 .0 % ,然后随年龄增长而上升。HCV感染主要集中在 2 0～ 49岁年龄组 (占 77.8% )。各型肝炎病毒男女感染率无明显差异。献浆次数、年限与HCV、HEV、HGV感染呈正相关。HBsAg、抗 -HBc、抗 -HCV呈现家庭聚集性 ,但仅HBsAg呈现母亲与子女相关。抗 -HCV阳性者中ALT异常率 ( 15 .9% )显著高于抗 -HCV阴性者 ( 1.2 % ,P <0 .0 1)。结论 该人群甲、乙、丙、戊和庚型肝炎病毒感染具有不同的流行病学特点 ;献血浆是该人群HCV、HEV和HGV感染的主要危险因素 ;抗 -HCV阳性者多伴有肝损害
Objective To understand the prevalence and prevalence of A, B, C, E and G hepatitis viruses in a rural population. Methods Serum anti-HAV, HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV, anti-HEV and anti-HGV were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (EIA), and nested RT- Chain reaction method (RT -nPCR) detection of HGVRNA. Results The prevalences of anti-HAV, anti-HCV, anti-HEV and anti-HGV were 86.9%, 11.5%, 2.9% and 1.8% respectively in this population. The positive rate of HBsAg was 8.0% %. HAV had the lowest infection rate (35.0%) among children under 5 years old, and 85.0% of children were infected with HAV by age 10. The positive rate of HBsAg showed two peaks in the age groups of 5 to 9 and 40 to 49 respectively. The total HBV infection rate was 55.0% at the age of 10, and then increased with age. HCV infection mainly concentrated in the age group of 20 to 49 (77.8%). There was no significant difference in the infection rate of hepatitis B virus between men and women. The frequency of donation and age were positively correlated with HCV, HEV and HGV infection. HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HCV showed familial aggregation, but only HBsAg showed mothers and their children. The abnormal ALT rate (15.9%) in anti-HCV positive patients was significantly higher than that in anti-HCV negative patients (1.2%, P <0.01). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hepatitis A, B, C, G and G viruses has different epidemiological characteristics. Plasma donation is the main risk factor for HCV, HEV and HGV infection in this population. Most of the anti-HCV positive patients are accompanied by liver damage