论文部分内容阅读
※ 高考真题 ※
【例1】He _____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. （2005北京卷）
A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
【解析】B。对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测用must have done，故正确答案为B。
【例2】Helen _____ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. （2005安徽卷）
A. shall B. must C. may D. can
【解析】C。根据下文可知“并不能确定”，所以选语气最弱的情态动词。故正确答案为C。
【例3】Tom , you _____ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!（2005全国卷Ⅱ）
A． wouldn’t B． mustn’t C． needn’t D． may not
【解析】B。根据句意判断是“不应该把衣服扔地上”，故正确答案为B。
【例4】John, look at the time. _____ you play the piano at such a late hour? （2005全国卷Ⅲ）
A． Must B． Can C． May D． Need
【解析】A。本句意思为“John，你看看时间。你一定得在这么晚的时候弹钢琴吗？”所以选择A。
【例5】—Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
—She _____. I’ve already borrowed one.（2005湖南卷）
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
【解析】C。从下文的“我已经借到一本”可知Lucy没有必要再借给“我”了，故正确答案为C。
【例6】—Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
—Well. He _____ have gone far——his coat’s still here.（2005湖北卷）
A． shouldn’t B． mustn’t C． can’t D． wouldn’t
【解析】C。后文指出“他的外套还在这”的意思就是暗示出“他”不会走远，故正确答案为C。
【例7】—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You _____ it. I could manage it myself.（2005福建卷）
A． needn’t do B． needn’t have done
C． mustn’t do D． shouldn’t have done
【解析】B。上文指出“我已经给你打扫了房间了”，那么下文应该是要说“你本不需要这么做”，要接完成时，正确答案应该为B。
【例8】—I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
—It _____ Harry’s. He always wears green.（2005广东卷）
A. has to be B. will be C. mustn’t be D. could be
【解析】D。这里是一般性猜测，并不是很肯定，正确答案为D。
【例9】—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh, dear! She _____ a lot of difficulties!（2005江苏卷）
A. may go through B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through
【解析】D。根据上文提供的语境不难推测出这里是要说“她肯定经历了许多艰难困苦”，故正确答案为D。
【例10】_____ you succeed and _____ you be healthy.
A. May...may B. Wish...wish
C. Hope...hope D. Should...may
【解析】A。用“may+动词原形或动词原形”表示祝愿，此时may须置于句首。wish + sb. + 名词。所以选择A。
※ 趁热打铁 ※
1. This cake is very sweet. You _____ a lot of sugar in it.（2005辽宁卷）
A． should put B． could have put C． might put D． must have put
2. He paid for a seat, when he _____ have entered free.（2005山东卷）
A. could B. would C. must D. need
3. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _____ be very slow.（2005浙江卷）
A． should B． must C． will D． can
4. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.（2005重庆卷）
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing
C. could have done D. would have done
5. There _____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.(2005上海卷)
6． —Could I borrow your dictionary?
—Yes, of course, you _____.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
7． —Shall I tell John about it?
—No, you _____. I’ve told him already.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
8． —Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
—_____.
A. I don’t B.I won’t C. I can’t D. I haven’t
9． Tom ought not to _____ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told
10． —Shall we go skating or stay at home?
—Which _____ do?
A. do you rather B. would you rather
C. will you rather D. should you rather
【解析】
1. D。对过去动作的肯定猜测用must have done。
2． A。本题考查虚拟语气中情态动词的用法。根据题干可看出此处句意为“他本来可以免费入场”，因此应用could have done。
3． D。由上文的sometimes可知不是绝对的肯定。表一般的猜测用can。
4． B。对过去动作的肯定猜测用must have done; 这里还要强调开过警车时正在发生的事情，所以要用must have been doing。
5． C。“既然你在驾校进行了很多的练习，那通过路卡的考试就不应该有任何困难。”
6． C。could表示委婉的语气，并不为时态。答语中of course，表示肯定的语气，允许某人做某事时，用can和may来表达，不能用could或might。will 与you连用，用来提出要求或下命令。should与you 连用，用来提出劝告。
7． A。needn’t 不必，不用。 wouldn’t 将不, 不会的。 mustn’t 禁止、不能。shouldn’t不应该。本题为不需要，不必的意思，应用needn’t。
8． B。will既可当作情态动词，表请求、建议，也可作为实义动词表意愿、意志、决心，本题表示决心，选B。
9． A。由于后句为过去时，告诉秘密的动作又发生在其前，此处应用过去完成时，但它在情态动词 ought to 后，所以用have told。
10． B。本题考查would rather +do sth 的用法，意为“宁愿”，本题为疑问句，would 提前，所以选B。
编辑/孙栎栎
【例1】He _____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. （2005北京卷）
A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
【解析】B。对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测用must have done，故正确答案为B。
【例2】Helen _____ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. （2005安徽卷）
A. shall B. must C. may D. can
【解析】C。根据下文可知“并不能确定”，所以选语气最弱的情态动词。故正确答案为C。
【例3】Tom , you _____ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!（2005全国卷Ⅱ）
A． wouldn’t B． mustn’t C． needn’t D． may not
【解析】B。根据句意判断是“不应该把衣服扔地上”，故正确答案为B。
【例4】John, look at the time. _____ you play the piano at such a late hour? （2005全国卷Ⅲ）
A． Must B． Can C． May D． Need
【解析】A。本句意思为“John，你看看时间。你一定得在这么晚的时候弹钢琴吗？”所以选择A。
【例5】—Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
—She _____. I’ve already borrowed one.（2005湖南卷）
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
【解析】C。从下文的“我已经借到一本”可知Lucy没有必要再借给“我”了，故正确答案为C。
【例6】—Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
—Well. He _____ have gone far——his coat’s still here.（2005湖北卷）
A． shouldn’t B． mustn’t C． can’t D． wouldn’t
【解析】C。后文指出“他的外套还在这”的意思就是暗示出“他”不会走远，故正确答案为C。
【例7】—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You _____ it. I could manage it myself.（2005福建卷）
A． needn’t do B． needn’t have done
C． mustn’t do D． shouldn’t have done
【解析】B。上文指出“我已经给你打扫了房间了”，那么下文应该是要说“你本不需要这么做”，要接完成时，正确答案应该为B。
【例8】—I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
—It _____ Harry’s. He always wears green.（2005广东卷）
A. has to be B. will be C. mustn’t be D. could be
【解析】D。这里是一般性猜测，并不是很肯定，正确答案为D。
【例9】—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh, dear! She _____ a lot of difficulties!（2005江苏卷）
A. may go through B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through
【解析】D。根据上文提供的语境不难推测出这里是要说“她肯定经历了许多艰难困苦”，故正确答案为D。
【例10】_____ you succeed and _____ you be healthy.
A. May...may B. Wish...wish
C. Hope...hope D. Should...may
【解析】A。用“may+动词原形或动词原形”表示祝愿，此时may须置于句首。wish + sb. + 名词。所以选择A。
※ 趁热打铁 ※
1. This cake is very sweet. You _____ a lot of sugar in it.（2005辽宁卷）
A． should put B． could have put C． might put D． must have put
2. He paid for a seat, when he _____ have entered free.（2005山东卷）
A. could B. would C. must D. need
3. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _____ be very slow.（2005浙江卷）
A． should B． must C． will D． can
4. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.（2005重庆卷）
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing
C. could have done D. would have done
5. There _____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.(2005上海卷)
6． —Could I borrow your dictionary?
—Yes, of course, you _____.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
7． —Shall I tell John about it?
—No, you _____. I’ve told him already.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
8． —Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
—_____.
A. I don’t B.I won’t C. I can’t D. I haven’t
9． Tom ought not to _____ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told
10． —Shall we go skating or stay at home?
—Which _____ do?
A. do you rather B. would you rather
C. will you rather D. should you rather
【解析】
1. D。对过去动作的肯定猜测用must have done。
2． A。本题考查虚拟语气中情态动词的用法。根据题干可看出此处句意为“他本来可以免费入场”，因此应用could have done。
3． D。由上文的sometimes可知不是绝对的肯定。表一般的猜测用can。
4． B。对过去动作的肯定猜测用must have done; 这里还要强调开过警车时正在发生的事情，所以要用must have been doing。
5． C。“既然你在驾校进行了很多的练习，那通过路卡的考试就不应该有任何困难。”
6． C。could表示委婉的语气，并不为时态。答语中of course，表示肯定的语气，允许某人做某事时，用can和may来表达，不能用could或might。will 与you连用，用来提出要求或下命令。should与you 连用，用来提出劝告。
7． A。needn’t 不必，不用。 wouldn’t 将不, 不会的。 mustn’t 禁止、不能。shouldn’t不应该。本题为不需要，不必的意思，应用needn’t。
8． B。will既可当作情态动词，表请求、建议，也可作为实义动词表意愿、意志、决心，本题表示决心，选B。
9． A。由于后句为过去时，告诉秘密的动作又发生在其前，此处应用过去完成时，但它在情态动词 ought to 后，所以用have told。
10． B。本题考查would rather +do sth 的用法，意为“宁愿”，本题为疑问句，would 提前，所以选B。
编辑/孙栎栎