最近四十年来,西方地理学界不断从哲学和方法论研究中寻求能够指导其研究的概念。在这个过程中,人们的思想和观念不断发生变化,并形成了现代西方地理学中的实证主义、人文主义和结构主义三大哲学流派。本文从哲学和方法论的角度对地理学中的结构主义学派作初步的讨论。 In the last four decades, the Western geography community has constantly sought concepts that can guide its research from the perspective of philosophical and methodological research. In this process, people’s thoughts and concepts are constantly changing, forming the three major philosophical schools of positivism, humanism and structuralism in modern western geography. This article gives a tentative discussion of the structuralist schools of geography from the philosophical and methodological point of view.