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目的:了解河南省郑州市二七区出生缺陷变化趋势,探索影响畸形发生、发展的相关因素及预防干预措施。方法:按照中国出生缺陷监测中心的要求,对2005年10月～2007年9月河南省郑州市二七区5所出生缺陷监测医院住院分娩的孕满28周至产后7天内的10 603例围产儿进行监测。结果:出生缺陷儿发生率为17.35‰(184/10 603),出生缺陷儿死亡率为375.00‰(69/184);出生缺陷儿发生率前5位依次为先天性脑积水、先天性心脏病、尿道下裂、多指?趾?和脊柱裂;双胎出生缺陷儿发生率高于单胎(P<0.05);出生缺陷发生率与季节无相关性;男性出生缺陷儿发生率高于女性,但差异无显著性(P>0.05);20～年龄组母亲分娩的出生缺陷儿发生率最高,但各年龄组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);母亲有异常生育史及孕早期不良因素的占20.11%(37/184);产前确诊率为50.00%。结论:开展对育龄妇女优生优育知识教育,加强婚前医学检查、孕前保健及孕早期保健,做好产前检查及产前诊断可降低出生缺陷儿发生率。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the trend of birth defects in Erqi district of Zhengzhou city, Henan province and to explore the related factors and preventative interventions that affect the occurrence and development of deformity. Methods: According to the requirements of China Birth Defective Monitoring Center, 10 603 cases of perinatal labor within 28 weeks of pregnancy to 7 days after delivery in 5 birth defects monitoring hospitals in Erqi District, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province from October 2005 to September 2007 were analyzed. Monitoring. Results: The incidence of birth defects was 17.35 ‰ (184/10603) and the birth defects were 375.00 ‰ (69/184). The top five birth defects were congenital hydrocephalus, congenital heart Disease, hypospadias, multiple finger toe and spina bifida; the incidence of birth defects was higher than that of single births (P <0.05); the incidence of birth defects was not related to the season; the incidence of birth defects in males was higher than Female, but the difference was insignificant (P> 0.05). The incidence of birth defects in mothers with 20 ~ age group was the highest, but there was no significant difference among all age groups (P> 0.05) .Mother had abnormal birth history and early pregnancy Adverse factors accounted for 20.11% (37/184); prenatal diagnosis rate was 50.00%. Conclusion: To carry out prenatal and postnatal care education for women of childbearing age, to strengthen premarital medical examination, pre-pregnancy health care and early pregnancy health, good prenatal care and prenatal diagnosis can reduce the incidence of birth defects.