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目的分析2013年安徽省血吸虫病疫情和近年来变化趋势,为血吸虫病防治提供依据。方法收集安徽省2013年“寄生虫病防治信息管理系统”中血吸虫病防治统计数据和2004年以来的血防年报表数据,分析血吸虫病流行状况和变化趋势。结果截至2013年底,全省推算血吸虫病人19 816例,无急性血吸虫病病例报告,尚存晚期血吸虫病患者6 199例;现有钉螺面积27 396hm2,其中新发现钉螺面积34.5hm2,复现钉螺面积8.6hm2;流行区现有存栏耕牛数41 949头,耕牛血吸虫感染率为0.31%;全省共有9个县(市、区)、76个乡(镇)、191个村(居委会)新达到传播控制标准,2个乡(镇)、14个村(居委会)新达到传播阻断标准。2008~2013年全省人群血吸虫感染率、耕牛血吸虫感染率、感染性钉螺面积、急性血吸虫病发病率均呈现下降趋势,钉螺面积在2.73亿m2~3.10亿m2间波动。结论全省血吸虫病疫情得到有效控制,但钉螺的分布状况仍不容乐观。为实现2015年前全省达到传播控制血吸虫病的目标,仍需加强实施以传染源控制为主的综合防治力度。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province in 2013 and its changing trend in recent years, and provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis. Methods The data of prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis in the “Information Management System for Parasitic Diseases” in Anhui Province in 2013 and the annual report of blood-borne diseases since 2004 were collected to analyze the prevalence and trend of schistosomiasis. Results As of the end of 2013, there were 19 816 cases of schistosomiasis in the province, 619 cases without acute schistosomiasis, and 6 19 cases of surviving schistosomiasis. The existing snail area was 27 396 hm2, of which newly found snail area 34.5 hm2, 8.6hm2. In the epidemic area, there are 41 949 cattle in the existing stock and 0.31% in cattle. The province has 9 counties (cities and districts), 76 townships (towns) and 191 villages (neighborhood committees) To achieve the dissemination of control standards, two townships (towns), 14 villages (neighborhood committees) reached the new communication block standard. The infection rates of schistosomiasis, the infection rate of schistosomiasis, the area of infected snails and the incidence of acute schistosomiasis all showed a downward trend from 2008 to 2013, and the snail area fluctuated between 273 million m2 and 310 million m2. Conclusion The epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in the province has been effectively controlled, but the distribution of snails is still not optimistic. In order to achieve the goal of spreading and controlling schistosomiasis in the province by 2015, it is still necessary to strengthen the implementation of a comprehensive prevention and control strategy based on the control of infection sources.