目的了解麻疹发病水平及流行特征,为制定防控对策提供依据。方法用描述流行病学法,对荆门市2012年麻疹的流行特征进行分析。结果麻疹发病有明显季节性,主要在冬春季,1~2月发病最多(57.1%),与春节人口流动聚集有一定关系;病例高度散发,以散居儿童为主(77.6%)。病例中,<3岁占79.6%,其中<8月龄56.4%;>20岁占20.4%。有82.4%未接种麻疹苗;有55.1%的病例发病前7~21d曾就诊医疗机构。结论院内感染是麻疹发病和疫情蔓延的重要危险因素,应加强麻疹类疫苗的常规免疫,医疗机构规范设置发热门诊,做好预检分诊工作,严格首诊医生负责制。加强查漏补种、强化免疫、麻疹风疹监测工作的督导和检查,及时发现和解决工作中存在的问题。 Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic characteristics of measles and provide basis for prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Jingmen City in 2012. Results The incidence of measles was obviously seasonal, mainly in winter and spring. The incidence of measles in January and February was the highest (57.1%), which had some relations with the flow of Chinese New Year. The cases were highly distributed with scattered children (77.6%). In the cases, <3 years old accounted for 79.6%, of which <8 months old 56.4%;> 20 years old 20.4%. There were 82.4% of the unvaccinated measles vaccine; 55.1% of the cases visited the medical institutions 7 to 21 days before the onset of disease. Conclusions Nosocomial infection is an important risk factor for the onset of measles and the outbreak of epidemic. Regular immunization of measles vaccine should be strengthened. Medical institutions should set up fever clinics to standardize and do pre-screening and triage work strictly. We will intensify the supervision and inspection of leak detection and vaccination, intensive immunization, measles and rubella monitoring, and promptly identify and resolve problems in our work.