Numerical investigation on the self-induced unsteadiness of tip leakage flow(TLF) for an axial low-speed compressor with smooth wall and six single grooved casings are presented. A ten-passage numerical scheme is used to solve the unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS) equations. It is found that the single grooves at various axial locations could have a large impact on the self-induced unsteadiness and the stall margin improvement(SMI) of compressor. The trend of SMI with groove center location demonstrates that the groove located near the mid of blade tip chord generates the best SMI. The worst groove is located about 20% Cax after the blade leading edge. The root-mean-squre of static pressure(RMSP) contours at 99.5% span and fast Fourier transform for the static pressure traces recorded in the tip clearance region for each casing are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the single groove location not only affects the oscillating strength but also the frequency of the unsteady tip leakage flow. At the near-stall point of smooth casing, the self-induced unsteadiness of TLF is enhanced most by the best grooved casing for SMI. While, the self-induced unsteadiness disappears when the worst groove for SMI is added. The characteristic frequency of TLF is about 0.55 blade passing frequency(BPF) with smooth casing. The frequency components become complicated as the single groove moves from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the blade. Numerical investigation on the self-induced unsteadiness of tip leakage flow (TLF) for an axial low-speed compressor with smooth wall and six single grooved casings are presented. A ten-passage numerical scheme is used to solve the unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations. It is found that the single grooves at various axial locations could have a large impact on the self-induced unsteadiness and the stall margin improvement (SMI) of compressor. The trend of SMI with groove center location demonstrates that the groove located near the mid of blade tip chord generates the best SMI. The worst groove is located about 20% Cax after the blade leading edge. The root-mean-squre of static pressure (RMSP) contours at 99.5% span and fast Fourier transform for the static pressure traces recorded in the tip clearance region for each casing are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the single groove location not only affects the oscillating strength but also the frequency of the unst At the near-stall point of smooth casing, the self-induced unsteadiness of TLF is enhanced most by the best grooved casing for SMI. While, the self-induced unsteadiness disappears when the worst groove for SMI is added. The characteristic frequency of TLF is about 0.55 blade passing frequency (BPF) with smooth casing. The frequency components become complicated as the single groove moves from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the blade.