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2011年8月—2015年8月在华南地区主要河流收集255尾革胡子鲶(Clarias gariepinus)样本,对其繁殖生物学特征进行研究。结果表明:革胡子鲶繁殖季节为5—8月,繁殖旺季为6—7月,卵径分布呈现明显的多峰型;成熟系数与脂肪系数和肥满度的周年变化存在相反的趋势;绝对繁殖力为2850~605720粒,均值234232±175498粒,与体长、体重和年龄呈正相关;相对繁殖力为20~445粒·g~(-1),均值165±99粒·g~(-1),随体长、体重和年龄的增加呈先增加后趋于稳定趋势;绝对繁殖力和相对繁殖力均大于常见的鲶科鱼类。繁殖群体性比为1∶1.12,符合1∶1比例;雌、雄鱼最小性成熟个体均为1龄,Ⅳ期性腺;雌鱼体长174 mm,体重119.5 g,成熟系数为8.50%;雄鱼体长205 mm,体重116.2 g,成熟系数为0.45%;繁殖群体以1和2龄鱼为主,分别占繁殖群体总数的42.28%和51.68%,以补充群体占优势;华南地区革胡子鲶野生种群具有分批产卵、相对繁殖力高、卵径小、性成熟年龄低的特征,有利于其迅速建立稳定的种群,应加强对革胡子鲶野生种群动态的监测力度,并进一步采取防控措施。
From August 2011 to August 2015, a sample of 255 Clarias gariepinus collected from major rivers in South China was studied for its reproductive biology. The results showed that the reproductive season of Catfish (Catfish) was from May to August and the breeding season was from June to July. The distribution of egg diameter showed obvious multimodal distribution. The annual variation of maturity coefficient and fat factor and fatness had the opposite trend. Absolute The average reproductive capacity was 2850 ~ 605720, with an average of 234232 ± 175498, which was positively correlated with body length, body weight and age. The relative fertility was 20 ~ 445 g · g -1, with an average of 165 ± 99 g · g -1. 1) increased with the increase of body length, body weight and age, and then tended to be stable. The absolute fecundity and relative fecundity were higher than those of the common catfish. The reproductive population ratio was 1: 1.12, which was in line with the ratio of 1: 1. The minimum sexual maturity of males and females were all 1 year old and Ⅳ gonads. The female body length was 174 mm, body weight was 119.5 g, and maturity coefficient was 8.50% The fish body length was 205 mm, body weight was 116.2 g, and the maturity coefficient was 0.45%. The main breeding population was 1 and 2 fish, accounting for 42.28% and 51.68% of the total number of breeding population, respectively, Wild population has the characteristics of batch spawning, relatively high fecundity, small egg diameter and low sexual maturity age, which is conducive to the rapid establishment of a stable population. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the wild population dynamics of the catfish and to take further measures Control measures.