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天然水域的流动一般都是极其复杂的三维运动,准确地预测其流动规律是工程界迫切需要解决的难题。70年代初期,Leendertse 等人首先提出了数值计算三维水流的分层方法。但直到70年代末期,三维水流的计算方法才真正得到发展,近十年来的发展尤其迅速。迄今为止,在线性和非线性流动问题的数值研究方面均取得了不少成果,有些已经被用于解决工程实际问题。本文阐述了天然水流数值计算的特点、数值处理的困难以及常用的近似假定,对主要的时间离散方法,空间离散方法以及现有主要的三维水流数值求解方法进行了评述。
The flow of natural waters is generally extremely complex three-dimensional movement, accurately predict the flow of law is the urgent need to solve the engineering problems. In the early 1970s, Leendertse et al. First proposed a layered method for the numerical calculation of 3D water flow. However, it was not until the late 1970s that the three-dimensional flow calculation method really developed. The development in the past decade has been particularly rapid. To date, many achievements have been made in the numerical studies of both linear and nonlinear flow problems, some of which have been used to solve practical engineering problems. This paper describes the characteristics of natural water flow numerical calculation, numerical processing difficulties and the commonly used approximate assumptions. The main methods of time dispersion, spatial dispersion and the existing three-dimensional flow numerical methods are reviewed.