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民事抗诉具有法律监督性、中立性和程序性的特征。民事抗诉需要坚持依法抗诉原则、维护审判公正与维护审判权威相统一原则、尊重当事人处分与适度干预相结合原则、依法抗诉与做好息诉服判工作相结合原则。虽然,我国民事诉讼法对民事抗诉的范围和条件作了规定,但是,仍然需要明确检察机关对违法调解是否可以抗诉、对一审后当事人未上诉的生效裁判可否抗诉、是否可以有选择地对“重要民事案件”抗诉等问题。不仅如此,在抗诉程序上,还要解决检察机关是否可以进行调查、是否可以对部分案件以“再审建议”替代抗诉程序、可否主持双方当事人对原裁判进行调解。
Civil protest has the characteristics of legal supervision, neutrality and procedural. The civil protest needs to adhere to the principle of protesting according to law, safeguarding the principle of justice in trial and maintaining the authority of the trial, respecting the principle of combining the parties’ disposition and moderate intervention, and combining the lawful protest against lawsuit and the lawsuit. Although China’s Civil Procedure Law stipulates the scope and conditions of civil protest, it still needs to clarify whether the procuratorial organs can protest against the mediation of illegality, whether the effective verdict of the parties that have not appealed after the first instance can protest, whether it is possible to selectively oppose “Important civil case” protest and other issues. Not only that, in the protest procedure, but also to solve whether the procuratorial organs can conduct an investigation, whether it is possible to replace the protest procedure with “retrial proposal” in some cases, and whether the two parties can preside over the mediation of the original verdict.