目前建立了多种对微生态细菌鉴定分型的DNA分析技术 ,这些方法使细菌分类的水平不断提高 ,由最初的区分不同属、种的细菌发展到同种不同株细菌分类区分。本文对这些遗传学方法的原理、特性进行了简单的介绍和比较 At present, a variety of DNA analysis techniques are established for the identification of the microorganisms. These methods make the classification of bacteria continue to increase, from the initial distinction of different genus, species of bacteria to the same strain of different bacterial classification. In this paper, the principles and characteristics of these genetic methods are briefly introduced and compared