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目的了解活体肾移植供体术后情况,评价供者术后中期生活质量和安全性。方法对87名活体肾移植供体进行中期随访,每次随访的内容包括填写调查问卷,了解并发症和肾功能情况。结果随访时间为术后12~65个月。供体中有10%认为捐肾对其婚姻有不利影响,供体仍感切口有轻度疼痛占59%,感觉体力下降占61%,因供肾而改变工种占26%,术后平均恢复工作的时间为102 d,经常感到抑郁的占2%;对捐肾不后悔的供体占99%。新发现高血压5例(6%)、糖耐量异常2例(2%)、镜下血尿4例(5%)、蛋白尿6例(7%),另外发现血脂异常血症41例(47%)。供体术前、出院时和最后1次随访时血清肌酐分别为(65±14)μmol/L、(98±22)μmol/L、(88±17)μmol/L,肌酐清除率分别为(95±21)m l/m in、(65±16)m l/m in、(71±17)m l/m in,比较其差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.01)。结论供体术后中期生活质量较术前稍有下降,但绝大多数肾功能较为理想。
Objective To understand the postoperative donor kidney transplantation and to evaluate the quality of life and safety of the donor after the operation. Methods A total of 87 live donor kidney donors were enrolled in this study. Each follow-up included completing the questionnaire, understanding the complications and renal function. Results The follow-up time was 12 to 65 months after operation. 10% of donors believe that donating kidney has an adverse effect on their marriage. Donors still feel slight pain in their incisions, accounting for 59%, feeling physically weak, accounting for 61%, changing their type due to supplying kidneys to 26%, and recovering averagely after surgery The working time is 102 days, often 2% of depression; 99% of the donors do not regret the donation. Hypertension was found in 5 cases (6%), impaired glucose tolerance (2%), microscopic hematuria in 4 cases (5%) and proteinuria in 6 cases (7%). In addition, 41 cases of dyslipidemia %). Serum creatinine was (65 ± 14) μmol / L, (98 ± 22) μmol / L and (88 ± 17) μmol / L respectively before and at discharge, and at the last follow-up. The creatinine clearance rates were ( 95 ± 21) ml / m in, (65 ± 16) ml / m in, and (71 ± 17) ml / m in, all of which were statistically significant (all P <0.01). Conclusion The donor’s quality of life after mid-term decline slightly compared with preoperative, but most of the renal function is ideal.