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磨削加工大多是继切削加工之后所进行的精加工。在磨削中经常出现振幅在1μm以下的微弱的振动。由于这样微小的振动不易用仪器测出,因此只能用残留在加工表面上的表面形态进行分析。特别要获得高光洁度的加工表面时,尽管用刚修整好的、锋利的砂轮进行纵向磨削,还往往会出现沿着工件的圆周方向等距离排列的、与轴向几乎是平行的磨削条纹(其细部类似无角度的锉刀纹)。对于如图1所示工件,磨削后当它与相配合的套(间隙较小)反复摩擦时,上述磨削条纹就显露出来,见图2。
Grinding is mostly done after finishing machining. Weak vibrations with an amplitude of 1 μm or less often occur during grinding. Since such a small vibration is not easily measured by an instrument, it can only be analyzed by the surface morphology remaining on the machined surface. In particular, to achieve high-finish machined surfaces, longitudinal sharpening with sharp-edged grindstones often results in equidistantly spaced, parallel axial striations along the circumference of the workpiece (Its details are similar to the angle of the file pattern). For the workpiece shown in Fig. 1, the above grinding streaks are revealed when it is repeatedly rubbed with the matched sleeve (with a small clearance) after grinding, as shown in Fig. 2.