烟草霜霉病引入欧洲以后,很快地大传播大流行,这是近年来植物病害流行学上的一件重大事例,也是植物检疫史上一件重大事例,从其中我们可以吸取不少经验教训,以健全我们的植物检疫工作。 一 欧洲烟草霜霉病的大爆发及其传入的途径。烟草霜霉病在欧洲大爆发,开始于1960年,首先在5月发现于德国巴登,7月发展至法国阿尔萨斯,毁灭了当地的烟作;此后即向四面蔓延,至10月已传至法国地中海沿岸、意大利的罗马、南斯拉夫、波兰、捷克、匈牙利、罗马尼亚及苏联部分地区。整个欧洲所受的损失据估计为28,500公吨干烟叶,其中法国的损失即达10,000公吨。1960年 Tobacco downy mildew introduced to Europe, the rapid spread of the pandemic, which is a major case of plant disease epidemiology in recent years, but also a major case of phytosanitary history, from which we can learn a lot of experience and lessons, To improve our phytosanitary work. A big outbreak of tobacco mildew in Europe and the way of its introduction. Tobacco downy mildew broke out in Europe, began in 1960, first in Baden, Germany in May, developed to Alsace, France in July, the destruction of the local tobacco; since then spread to all directions until October has been It was spread to the French coast of France, Rome, Yugoslavia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania and parts of the Soviet Union. The losses suffered across Europe are estimated at 28,500 metric tons of dry leaves, of which France lost 10,000 metric tons. 1960