本文以上海自然博物馆千姿百态展览为例,通过对63组样本的跟踪观察,记录对话及相关互动行为,从而分析群体观众在不同展项前的对话频率、对话类型差异。研究发现,群体内成员更倾向于独立参观,知觉型对话是发生最多的对话类型。通过分析观众对话与展览的关系,总结影响观众对话的展览因素:观众视线范围内、特征明显的展品展项前对话频率较高;标签和图文有助认知并促进对话交流;为观众提供建立联系、推理等认知的展览设计更容易引起深层次的学习型对话。可以通过对目标人群需求的预先调查,合理利用图文、标签视频等辅助手段丰富展览内容、优先选择特征明显的标本等方式,在探究式学习理论的指导下策划设计展览,以便更好地促进观众在博物馆的对话交流。 In this paper, taking the varied museums and exhibitions in Shanghai Museum of Nature as an example, this paper analyzes the conversations and the related interactive behaviors of 63 groups of samples to analyze the frequency of conversations and the types of conversations in front of different exhibitions. The study found that members of the group are more likely to visit independently, and perceptual dialogue is the type of conversation that occurs most frequently. Through the analysis of the relationship between audience dialogue and exhibition, summarizes the exhibition factors that influence the audience dialogue: the frequency of dialogue is obvious before the exhibits with obvious characteristics in the audience’s sight; the labels and pictures help to recognize and promote the dialogue and exchange; Establishing such cognitive exhibition design as connection, reasoning and so on is more likely to lead to deeper learning conversations. Through the investigation of the target population’s demand, the rational use of graphic, video tagging and other auxiliary means to enrich the content of the exhibition, giving priority to the selection of distinctive specimens and other methods, under the guidance of exploratory learning theory, planning and designing exhibitions in order to better promote Audience in the museum dialogue exchange.