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目的了解中国澳门地区中学生伤害的发生现况及其影响因素,为制订中学生伤害防控措施和策略提供依据。方法随机整群抽取澳门地区4所中学676名中学生进行伤害流行病学调查并进行统计分析。结果澳门地区中学生伤害发生率为49.41%(334/676),男生为52.22%(188/360),女生为46.20%(146/316);伤害在冬季多见,占34.73%(116/334),下午多发,占33.53%(112/334);发生场所主要是家中32.03%(107/334);伤害以扭伤、碰撞/挤压伤和跌落/坠落伤为主,占65.27%(218/334);受伤部位多为下肢,占41.62%(139/334),其次是手指/脚趾,占25.45%(85/334);受伤程度以轻度为主,占68.26%(228/334);受伤者采取的处理方式多为自己/他人处理,占55.99%(187/334);多因素分析结果显示,澳门地区中学生平时偶尔嬉戏打闹(OR=1.46)和运动前热身(OR=1.37)为澳门地区中学生伤害发生的危险因素,初三(OR=0.41)和高三年级(OR=0.56)为澳门地区中学生伤害发生的保护因素。结论澳门地区中学生伤害发生率高,影响因素复杂,学校和家长应共同采取相应措施以降低伤害发生。
Objective To understand the current situation of secondary school students’ injuries and their influencing factors in Macao, China, and to provide evidences for the prevention and control measures and strategies of secondary school students. Methods A total of 676 high school students from 4 middle schools in Macao were randomly selected for epidemiological investigation of injury and statistical analysis. Results The incidence of injuries among secondary school students in Macao was 49.41% (334/676), 52.22% (188/360) for boys and 46.20% (146/316) for girls. Injuries were more common in winter, accounting for 34.73% (116/334) , Accounting for 33.53% (112/334) in the afternoon, with 32.03% (107/334) in the main place of occurrence. The main injuries were sprain, collision / crush injury and fall / fall injuries, accounting for 65.27% (218/334) ). Most of the injured parts were lower limbs, accounting for 41.62% (139/334), followed by fingers / toes, accounting for 25.45% (85/334); minor injuries were mainly accounted for 68.26% (228/334) Migrants treated 55.99% (187/334) of them in the same way. Multivariate analysis showed that middle school students in Macao usually had occasional playful slaps (OR = 1.46) and warm-up before exercise (OR = 1.37) The risk factors of secondary school students’ injuries in Macao from the first trimester (OR = 0.41) and the third year of high school (OR = 0.56) were the protective factors for secondary school students in Macao. Conclusions The incidence of high school students in Macao is high and their influencing factors are complicated. Schools and parents should take corresponding measures to reduce the harm.