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目的比较我国东、中、西部地区8个有住院病例的试范乡院2010年住院疾病构成情况,为进一步循证评价与遴选基本药物提供基线数据。方法比较分析东、中、西部3种不同类型的8家示范乡院2010年住院病例所患系统疾病及其前15位单病种的异同。用Microso Excel 2003和SPSS 13.0统计软件整理分析数据,主要采用频数和构成比描述统计指标。结果①前5位系统疾病依次为呼吸、消化、循环、泌尿生殖、损伤与中毒,其累计构成比为71.0%～81.6%。②各乡院前15位单病种涵盖住院病例共10 630人次,占总住院病例的61.1%。其中呼吸和消化系统各涵盖6个单病种,均含急性病4种,慢性病2种,其住院人次累计分别占该系统的99.2%和93.8%;循环系统涵盖3个单病种,均为慢性病,其累计住院人次占该系统的84.6%。③前15位单病种中慢性病种类均多于急性病,中部和全科型乡院住院人次均为慢性病多于急性病,小康型和基本型乡院住院人次均为急性病多于慢性病。结论①我国东、中、西部地区不同类型的8家示范乡院前5～6位系统疾病均较稳定,常见住院单病种比较集中,有利于我国示范乡院评价与遴选基本药物;②应着力提高西部和基本型、小康型乡院对急性病的处理能力;③应提高中部和全科型乡院的慢性病管理能力;④应加强东部和小康型乡院门诊服务,进一步明确东部乡院功能定位;⑤应重点关注妇女、儿童、老人及各高疾病负担人群的疾病防治策略和绩效。
Objective To compare the incidence of inpatient conditions in 8 trial homes with 8 inpatient cases in the eastern, central and western regions of China in order to provide baseline data for further evidence-based evaluation and selection of essential drugs. Methods To compare and analyze the similarities and differences of the prevalence of systemic diseases and the top 15 single disease in the inpatient cases in 2010 among 8 different types of model homes in the eastern, central and western regions. Using Microsoft Excel 2003 and SPSS 13.0 statistical software to organize and analyze the data, the frequency and constituent ratio are mainly used to describe the statistical indicators. Results ① The top five diseases were respiratory, digestive, circulatory, genitourinary, injury and poisoning, with the cumulative proportions of 71.0% -81.6%. ② The top 15 single disease cases in each township hospital covered 10 630 inpatient cases, accounting for 61.1% of the total inpatient cases. The respiratory and digestive systems each covered 6 single diseases, including 4 acute diseases and 2 chronic diseases, accounting for 99.2% and 93.8% respectively of the total number of inpatients; the circulatory system covered 3 single diseases, all of which were chronic diseases , The cumulative number of inpatient accounts for 84.6% of the system. ③ In the first 15 single disease types, there were more chronic diseases than acute ones. There were more chronic diseases than acute ones in central and general rural township hospitals, and more in well-to-do and basic rural homes. Conclusions ① The first five to six systematic diseases of eight types of model homes in different types in the eastern, central and western regions of China are relatively stable, and the common diseases in hospitalized singletons are more concentrated, which is beneficial to the evaluation and selection of essential drugs in our model homestead. Focus on improving the ability to deal with acute diseases in western and basic well-to-do homes; thirdly, to improve chronic disease management in middle and general rural homesteads; and to provide better outpatient services in eastern and well-to-do homestead townships to further clarify the functions of eastern homesteads Positioning; ⑤ should focus on women, children, the elderly and high disease burden of disease prevention and control strategies and performance.