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空间分析及基础技术应用是研究集装箱运输的必要手段.大部分交通运输数据集由不同出处、关联性不强的原始数据组成,因而很难得到其空间分布特点.同时,集装箱路径优化和市场可达性在缓解集装箱运输拥堵方面的作用日益凸显.本文基于可用数据库对美国集装箱运输OD分布进行分析.以美国水陆运输理事会的公共货票数据库数据作为内陆铁路线路优化的原始输入.利用类似河流管理的方法优化集装箱运输路径.从进口集装箱的数据集看,从亚洲或者欧洲出发经由北美港口到达美国的集装箱,大部分经由太平洋海岸到达内陆市场.横渡太平洋贸易的进口集装箱枢纽港主要是洛杉矶、长滩和西雅图.横渡大西洋贸易的进口集装箱枢纽港主要是纽约、新泽西州和萨凡纳乔治亚州.太平洋海岸和密西西比河谷地区包括阿尼阿波利斯、芝加哥、堪萨斯城、孟菲斯、达拉斯和休斯顿的流量很高.从美国中西部至东部的集装箱流多经过纽约、新泽西州和诺福克最后到达芝加哥.对于集装箱运输OD分布的分析可以为高成本和多式联运相关分析提供数据基础.
Spatial analysis and application of basic technologies are necessary means for researching container transportation.Most of the transportation data sets are composed of original data with different origins and weak correlations, so it is difficult to get the spatial distribution characteristics. Meanwhile, container routing optimization and market In the paper, based on the available database, the OD distribution of container traffic in the United States is analyzed, and the data of public freight database of the US Groundwater Transportation Council is used as the original input for the optimization of inland railway lines. Management methods to optimize the container transport path From the import container data set, from Asia or Europe through the North American ports to reach the United States, most of the containers arrived via the Pacific coast of the inland market.The trans-Pacific trade import container hub port is mainly Los Angeles , Long Beach and Seattle.The main transatlantic import hubs are New York, New Jersey and Savannah Georgia.The Pacific Coast and Mississippi Valley includeAnapolis, Chicago, Kansas City, Memphis, Dallas And Houston. The container flows from the Midwest to the east of the United States eventually reached Chicago via New York, New Jersey and Norfolk, and the analysis of the OD distribution of container shipping provided a data basis for high cost and multimodal intermodal analysis .