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目的对保定市乙肝疫苗查漏补种前后5年(2005-2009年与2010-2014年)15岁以下乙型病毒性肝炎的流行病学特征进行对比分析,并评价乙肝疫苗查漏补种效果及免疫策略。方法对中国免疫规划监测信息管理系统(China Immunization Program Monitoring Information Management System,CIPMIS)中(乙型肝炎病例个案调查表)报告的保定市2005-2014年15岁以下乙肝病例,分成两个阶段,采用流行病学方法对其特征进行分析。结果 2010-2014年较2005-2009年系统报告病例数减少了87.65%,发病率下降了89.45%。前后5年发病率对比差异有统计学意义(χ2=642.58,P<0.01);地区分布前后5年比较发病率有16个县无病例报告,除16个县外减少最多的分别是望都98.38%、唐县97.57%、高阳95.25%、易县91.18%、曲阳86.49%;从8~岁组开始,发病率随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,2~岁组发病率减少不明显,2010-2014年较2005-2009年4~14岁组发病率明显下降,13~岁组下降了94.31%。其中13~岁组前后5年间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=118.84,P<0.01)。结论 15岁以下人群查漏补种工作对降低乙肝发病率起到了一定作用。随着漏种人群的积累,适时开展查漏补种工作将在一定程度上控制乙肝发病。
Objective To compare and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus under 15 years of age before and after hepatitis B vaccine vaccination in Baoding city in 2005-2009 and 2010-2014, and to evaluate the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine And immunization strategy. Methods The hepatitis B cases under 15 years of age in Baoding from 2005 to 2014 reported in the China Immunization Program Monitoring Information Management System (CIPMIS) were divided into two phases. Epidemiological methods to analyze its characteristics. Results The number of systematic reports in 2010-2014 decreased by 87.65% and the incidence decreased by 89.45% from 2010 to 2009. The incidence of 5 years before and after the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 642.58, P <0.01); before and after 5 years before and after the distribution of the comparative incidence of 16 counties without case reports, except for 16 counties were the largest decrease of 98.38% , 97.57% in Tang County, 95.25% in Gaoyang County, 91.18% in Yixian County and 86.49% in Quyang County. The incidence rate increased with the growth of the age group from the age of 8 to 10 years, while the incidence of the disease in the 2 ~ Compared with 2005-2009, the incidence of 4 ~ 14-year-old group decreased significantly, while that of 13-year-old group decreased by 94.31%. The difference between the 13-year-old group and the 5-year old group was statistically significant (χ2 = 118.84, P <0.01). Conclusions The work of checking and replanting seed under the age of 15 has played a certain role in reducing the incidence of hepatitis B. With the accumulation of people missing, timely detection of leaks and replanting will control hepatitis B to a certain extent.