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目的：进一步探讨外部性脑积水（ＥＨ）的病因以及ＣＴ和ＭＲ征象的特点。材料与方法：回顾性分析１３５例ＥＨ的ＣＴ和１９例的ＭＲ资料，其中５例为头颅ＣＴ常规平扫后加侧位扫描，５例为头部ＭＲ常规后加俯卧位扫描，分别测量蛛网膜下腔、纵裂池、环池、鞍上池和外侧裂的宽度，并设５０例正常同龄儿为对照组。结果：①７１例ＥＨ的病因为ＨＩＥ。②ＥＨ时蛛网膜下腔的平均宽度为５．３５ｍｍ，与正常组的２．３３ｍｍ有显著性差异，而脑底池两组的结果虽然不同，但无显著性差异。③５例侧卧位ＣＴ扫描向下侧蛛网膜下腔较仰卧位时变窄，５例俯卧位ＭＲ检查增宽的蛛网膜下腔向枕叶方向移位。结论：①ＨＩＥ为ＥＨ的重要病因之一。②ＥＨ时蛛网膜下腔增宽局限于脑的前半部是由于体位所致。
Objective: To further explore the etiology of external hydrocephalus (EH) and the characteristics of CT and MR signs. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 135 cases of EH CT and 19 cases of MR data, including 5 cases of skull CT plain scan plus lateral scan, 5 cases of head MR conventional plus prone scan, were measured cobweb Subfascial, longitudinal split pool, Central pool, suprasellar sulcus and lateral fissure width, and set 50 cases of normal children as the control group. Results: ① The etiology of 71 cases of EH was HIE. ② The average width of subarachnoid space at EH was 5.35mm, which was significantly different from that of normal group at 2.33mm. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups. 5 cases of lateral CT scan to the lower side of the subarachnoid space narrower than supine position, 5 cases of prone position MR examination widened subarachnoid space to the occipital lobe shift. Conclusion: ①HIE is one of the important causes of EH. ② EH subarachnoid widening limited to the first half of the brain due to body position.