前列腺癌是老年男性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,PET在其早期诊断和准确分期方面具有重要价值。~(18)F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(~(18)F-FDG)PET对前列腺癌的检出并不敏感,也不能可靠进行淋巴结分期,但~(18)F-FDG摄取与疾病进展程度相关。~(11)C-胆碱PET诊断前列腺癌的准确率高,在淋巴结及骨转移的检出方面也明显优于~(18)F-FDG PET,但其半衰期短而限制了临床应用。~(18)F-胆碱的肿瘤摄取与~(11)C-胆碱相似,但在泌尿系统排泄较高。其他示踪剂如~(11)C-乙酸、~(11)C-甲硫氨酸、~(18)F标记的雄激素等在前列腺癌的诊断、分期及疗效评价方面也具有一定价值。 Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in elderly men and PET is of great value in its early diagnosis and accurate staging. 18 F-FDG (~ (18) F-FDG) PET is not sensitive to the detection of prostate cancer, nor reliable lymph node staging, but ~ (18) F-FDG uptake and disease progression Related. The diagnostic accuracy of ~ (11) C-choline PET in the diagnosis of prostate cancer is also superior to that of ~ (18) F-FDG PET in the detection of lymph nodes and bone metastases, but its short half-life limits its clinical application. Tumor uptake by ~ (18) F-choline is similar to that of ~ (11) C-choline but is excreted in the urinary system. Other tracers such as ~ (11) C-acetate, ~ (11) C-methionine and ~ (18) F-labeled androgens also have some value in the diagnosis, staging and therapeutic evaluation of prostate cancer.