士人在中国古代是一个特殊的阶层,有着独特的精神和精神追求,其核心包括两个层面,一是兼济天下的社会责任感和个人抱负,二是对逍遥世外的精神超脱的追求。而在晚明时期的士人们身上,这类精神追求却发生了变化开始将眼界从朝廷转向社会,由政治取向转向社会取向,将目光转向日常生活,并且以审美的姿态追求物质生活的享受。 Scholars in ancient China was a special class with a unique spiritual and spiritual pursuit. Its core consisted of two aspects. One was social responsibility and personal aspirations in the world, and the other was the pursuit of the detached spirit. In the late Ming period, there was a change in the pursuit of such spiritual pursuits by the taximasters in the late Ming. They began to shift their horizons from the court to the society, from political orientation to social orientation, turning their gaze to daily life and pursuing the enjoyment of material life with aesthetic gestures.