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目的分析2009-2013年广东省肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)流行特征和规律,为防治疾病提出建议和对策。方法对广东省肾综合征出血热疫情进行描述流行病学分析。结果共报告HFRS病例1 543例,年平均发病率0.30/10万,共死亡7例,病死率为0.45%。报告病例数按月分布呈现两个高峰,分别在2~4月和12月。广州、佛山、深圳、东莞报告病例数较多,合计报告病例1 162例,占总报告病例数的75.31%。男性发病率高于女性发病率,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=303.976,P<0.01)。病例主要分布于20~60岁组,其中30~40岁组人群的发病率最高。发病人群以家务及待业、工人、农民、商业服务4种职业为主。结论广东省2009-2013年HFRS疫情有升高趋势,应采取以灭(防)鼠和为重点人群接种疫苗为主的综合性防控措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and rules of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Guangdong Province from 2009 to 2013 and to provide suggestions and countermeasures for disease prevention and treatment. Methods Epidemiological analysis of epidemic situation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Guangdong Province was conducted. Results A total of 1 543 HFRS cases were reported, with an average annual incidence of 0.30 / 100 000. There were 7 deaths and the case fatality rate was 0.45%. The number of reported cases showed two peaks on a monthly basis, ranging from February to April and December respectively. Guangzhou, Foshan, Shenzhen and Dongguan reported a large number of cases, a total of 1,162 reported cases, accounting for 75.31% of the total reported cases. The incidence of male was higher than that of female, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 303.976, P <0.01). Cases are mainly distributed in the 20 to 60 age group, of which 30 to 40 age group, the highest incidence of the crowd. Outbreak of the population to housework and unemployed, workers, farmers, commercial services mainly four kinds of occupations. Conclusion The epidemic situation of HFRS in Guangdong Province during 2009-2013 is on the rise. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to vaccinate against (off) rats and key populations.