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环氧合酶(COX)是前列腺素(PGs)生物合成的限速酶,具有环氧合酶和过氧化物合成酶双重酶的功能,存在两种同工酶,即COX-1和COX-2。COX-1是结构性表达基因,参与“看家”活动,其mRNA和蛋白质在人体组织内表达水平相对恒定,它催化合成的前列腺素参与机体正常生理过程和保护功能,如保持胃粘膜完整和肾血流的调节等。
Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a rate-limiting enzyme for the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and has the function of a dual enzyme for cyclooxygenase and peroxidase. There are two isozymes, COX-1 and COX- 2. COX-1 is a constitutively expressed gene that participates in “housekeeping” activities. Its expression level of mRNA and protein in human tissues is relatively constant. It catalyzes the synthesis of prostaglandins involved in the normal physiological processes and protective functions of the body, such as maintaining gastric mucosal integrity and Regulation of renal blood flow.